新規更新April 22, 2019 at 05:06AM
【外部リンク】
List of burials at Nikolskoe Cemetery
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[[File:Tserkvy SPb 02 2012 4422.jpg|thumb|right|Monuments of the Nikolskoe Cemetery and the Church of St. Nicholas.]]
[[Nikolskoe Cemetery]] () is part of the [[Alexander Nevsky Lavra]] in the centre of [[Saint Petersburg]], and contains a large number of burials as well as monuments and memorials to notable figures in [[Russian Empire|Russian Imperial]] history, as well as those of [[Soviet era|Soviet]] and post-Soviet times.
The cemetery, opened in 1863, was the third cemetery in the monastery complex, after the original [[Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)|Lazarevskoe Cemetery]] in the 1710s, and the [[Tikhvin Cemetery]] in 1823.<ref name="Lavra"></ref> It became known as the Nikolskoe after the construction of the Church of St. Nicholas between 1868 and 1871 to the design of diocesan architect Grigory Karpov.<ref name="Lavra"/><ref name="NK"/> From its inception burial there was restricted to the elite of society, the monastery's Spiritual Council noting that "the Lavra cemetery is not open to everyone, as are the city cemeteries, but only a few persons from the government service and persons with honorary titles are buried here."<ref name="NK"/> Part of the cemetery also served as the burial site for the Monastery's monks and the [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitans]] of St. Petersburg, leading to the name Bratskoe (), or "Brotherhood" section.<ref name="CW">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref> Wealthy patrons commissioned large chapels and crypts, with elaborate decorations and reliefs from prominent artists such as , , and .<ref name="Lavra"/>
Despite this the cemetery was not considered to have any particular artistic or historical value during the Soviet period. It was closed in 1927 and sporadic efforts were made during the 1930s and 1940s to eliminate it, with the graves of several prominent figures were transferred to the Lazarevskoe, Tikhvin and [[Volkovo Cemetery|Volkovo cemeteries]]; including [[Vera Komissarzhevskaya]], [[Ivan Goncharov]], [[Anton Rubinstein]] and [[Boris Kustodiev]].<ref name="Lavra"/><ref name="NK">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref> Other graves were lost or destroyed.<ref name="CW"/> The Church of St Nicholas was closed in 1932, and the cemetery fell into neglect.<ref name="TR"/>
The Nikolskoe Cemetery was restored and landscaped in the 1970s, with a [[columbarium]] built between 1979 and 1980.<ref name="CW"/> The cemetery church was repaired and reconsecrated on 22 April 1985.<ref name="Lavra"/><ref name="TR">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref> Burials resumed in the late 1970s, and since 1989 a comprehensive restoration of monuments has been underway.<ref name="Lavra"/><ref name="CW"/>
==Burials and monuments ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!!class=unsortable| Image<br /> !! Name<br /> !! Born<br /> !! Died<br /> !!class=unsortable| Occupation<br />!!class=unsortable| Monument<br />!!class=unsortable|Reference
|-
| [[File:Abarinova.jpg|100px]] || || 1842 || 1901 || Opera singer, [[contralto]], [[mezzo-soprano]], [[Mariinsky Theatre]], [[Alexandrinsky Theatre]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Shakhovskaya 3438464314 f17e5201c3 o.jpg|100px]] || || 1890 || 1913 || Аviation pioneer, [[test pilot]], altitude and endurance records || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Аверкиев Д.В.jpg|100px]] || || 1836 || 1905 || Playwright, theatre critic, novelist, publicist and translator. ''Frol Skorbeyev'' and ''Old Times in Kashira'' || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1863 || 1919 || Army officer, general and military writer. [[First World War]], [[Caucasian Native Cavalry Division]], [[Kornilov affair]], [[Red Army]], High Cavalry School || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Batushkov FD.jpg|100px]] || || 1857 || 1920 || [[Philologist]], editor (''Kosmopolis'', ''Mir Bozhy''), literary critic, theatre and [[literary historian]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Alexei Birilev.jpg|100px]] || || 1844 || 1915 || Naval officer, admiral, member of the [[State Council (Russian Empire)|State Council]], Minister of the Navy || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Mikhayl Ivanovich Brusnev.jpg|100px]] || || 1864 || 1937 || Explorer, [[Bolshevik]] activist, [[Russian polar expedition of 1900–1902|1901 arctic expedition]]. [[Eduard von Toll]], [[Aleksandr Kolchak]]. || [[File:Лавра Могила Бруснев 1.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Grigory Butakov cropped.jpeg|100px]] || || 1820 || 1882 || Naval officer, admiral, [[Crimean War]]. Steam-powered ship tactics, ''New Principles of Steamboat Tactics'', [[Demidov Prize]], [[State Council (Russian Empire)|State Council]] || [[File:Лавра Могила Бутаков.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Architect Nikolay Chagin.jpg|100px]] || || 1823 || 1909 || Architect, [[Vilnius]], [[Crimea]]. [[Byzantine Revival]], [[Nativity Cathedral, Riga]], [[Cathedral of the Theotokos, Vilnius]]. || [[File:Nikolay Chagin grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Feoktistov Eugeny (1828-1898).jpg|100px]] || || 1828 || 1898 || Journalist, editor, historian, state official. [[Russkaya Rech (Moscow magazine)|''Russkaya Rech'']]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Dmitry Filippov.JPG|100px]] || || 1944 || 1998 || Statesman, political and public figure, industrialist, member of the [[Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union]], supervisor of industry of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party, head of State Tax Inspection in St. Petersburg.|| ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:S.K.Gershelman.jpg|100px]] || || 1854 || 1910 || Army officer, general, [[Russo-Japanese War]], [[Governor-General of Moscow]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Golitsyn Boris.jpg|100px]] || || 1862 || 1916 || Physicist, inventor of the electromagnetic [[seismograph]], [[seismologist]], president of the International Seismology Association, member of the [[Royal Society]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:GolitsynGS.jpg|100px]] || || 1838 || 1907 || Military officer, statesman, [[Caucasian War]], Governor of Uralsk Oblast; Governor of Transcaucasia. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Grigorovich Ivan Konstantionovich.jpg|100px]] || || 1853 || 1930 || Naval officer, admiral, Minister of the Navy, [[Russo-Japanese War]], [[First World War]], member of the [[State Council (Russian Empire)|State Council]]. Initially buried in France, reburied in the family vault in the Nikolskoe Cemetery in 2005. || [[File:Поворот Склеп.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Stamps of Kazakhstan, 2012-12.jpg|100px]] || || 1912 || 1992 || Historian, ethnologist, anthropologist and Persian translator. [[Ethnogenesis]], [[historiosophy]], [[eurasianism]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Iritskaya Nataliya Alexandrovna.jpg|100px]] || || 1845 || 1922 || Singer and teacher, [[Saint Petersburg Conservatory]]. || [[File:Лавра Могила Ирецкая 1.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1805 || 1881 || Translator, children's author. ''Little Star'', ''Rays of Light'', ''History of Russia in Stories for Children'', [[Demidov Prize]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Якоби А Н работы В П Верещагина.jpg|100px]] || || 1841 || 1918 || Journalist, memoirist and publicist, translator and publisher. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Nikolay Nikolayevich Karazin.jpg|100px]] || || 1842 || 1908 || Military officer, painter and writer. [[Imperial Academy of Arts]], [[January Uprising]], [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War]]. || [[File:Nikolay Karazin grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Карнович Евгений Петрович.jpg|100px]] || || 1823 || 1885 || Writer, historian, journalist and editor. ''[[Sovremennik]]'', [[Golos (newspaper)|''Golos'']]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Кенель Василий Александрович.jpg|100px]] || || 1834 || 1893 || Architect. [[St Petersburg Academy of Arts]], [[Ciniselli Circus]], [[Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia]], [[Vladimir Palace]]. || [[File:Vasily Kenel grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Fyodor Kokoshkin.jpeg|100px]] || || 1871 || 1918 || Lawyer and politician, [[State Duma (Russian Empire)|State Duma]] deputy, a founding member of the [[Constitutional Democratic Party]], Controller general of the [[Russian Provisional Government|Provisional Government]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Koksharov n.i..jpg|100px]] || || 1818 || 1893 || Mineralogist, crystallographer, army officer, major general. || [[File:Nikolay Koksharov grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Kondratenko.jpg|100px]] || || 1857 || 1904 || Army officer, general, [[Russo-Japanese War]], [[Siege of Port Arthur]]|| [[File:Лавра Могила Кондратенко-2.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Koni, Fjodor Alekseevich.jpg|100px]] || || 1809 || 1889 || Dramatist, theatre critic and literary historian, editor and memoirist || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:N A Kotlyarevsky.jpg|100px]] || || 1863 || 1925 || Author, publicist, literary critic and historian. [[Moscow University]], ''The Nineteenth Century'' || [[File:Лавра Могила Котляревский 1.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Maxim Kovalevsky.jpg|100px]] || || 1851 || 1916 || [[Sociologist]], president of the [[International Institute of Sociology]], [[Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute|Psycho-Neurological Institute]], [[Russian Academy of Sciences]]. || [[File:Maksim Kovalevsky grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Koyalovich.jpeg|100px]] || || 1828 || 1891 || Theologian, historian, translator, Archaeological Commission. || [[File:Tomb of Koyalovich.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Nikolai linevitch.jpg|100px]] || || 1839 || 1908 || Military officer, General of Infantry, [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War]], [[Boxer Rebellion]], [[Battle of Peking (1900)|Battle of Peking]], [[Russo-Japanese War]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Mirra lochvitzkaya.jpg|100px]] || || 1869 || 1905 || Poet, [[Pushkin Prize]], the "Russian Sappho", [[Silver Age of Russian Poetry]]. || [[File:Mirra Lokhvitskaya grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary B82 39-3.jpg|100px]] || || 1852 || 1904 || Bible commentator, Lopukhin Bible. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1925 || 2000 || Ballet dancer and professor, leading soloist at the [[Kirov Ballet]], director of the Saint-Petesburg State Academic Ballet, [[USSR State Prize]], [[People's Artist of the USSR]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Konstantin Makovsky-Self-Portrait-1856.jpg|100px]] || || 1839 || 1915 || Painter, ''[[Peredvizhniki]]''. ''Beneath the Crown'', representative of [[Academic art]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:RUSMARKA-1801.jpg|100px]] || || 1956 || 2000 || Military officer, general, missing in [[Grozny]], Chechnya. Posthumous [[Hero of Russia]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Boleslav Mikhailovich Markevich.jpg|100px]] || || 1822 || 1884 || Writer, essayist, journalist, and literary critic; author of ''Marina of the Aluy Rog'', ''A Quarter of a Century Ago'', ''The Turning Point'' and ''The Void''. || [[File:Boleslav Markevich grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Алексей Ефимович Мазуренко (cropped).jpg|100px]] || || 1917 || 2004 || Military officer, aviator, [[Second World War]], twice [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Mikeshin by Repin.jpg|100px]] || || 1835 || 1896 || Artist, [[House of Romanov]], [[Imperial Academy of Arts]], [[Millennium of Russia]], "[[Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality]]". || [[File:Mikhail Mikeshin grave.JPG|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Михайловский Константин Яковлевич.jpg|100px]] || || 1834 || 1909 || Engineer, [[Syzran Bridge|Alexander Railway Bridge]], Novomariinsky Canal, [[Volga–Baltic Waterway]], railways, Actual Privy Councillor. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1921 || 2016 || Military officer, naval aviation pilot, [[Second World War]], Major General of Aviation, [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Nelidov Alexandr (1835-1910).jpg|100px]] || || 1835 || 1910 || Diplomat, [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War]], [[Treaty of San Stefano]] and [[Treaty of Berlin (1878)|Treaty of Berlin]]. Ambassador to Saxony, Italy and France. [[Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907#Hague Convention of 1907|1907 Hague Peace Conference]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Nikodim (Rotov) 1963b.jpg|100px]] ||[[Nikodim (Rotov)|Nikodim]] || 1929 || 1978 || [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox]] [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitan]] of Leningrad and Novgorod, [[World Council of Churches]], [[Second Vatican Council]]|| ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Обручев Николай Николаевич.jpg|100px]] || || 1830 || 1904 || Military officer, general staff officer, military statistician, planner and chief of the Main Staff. ''Voyenny Sbornik'', [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War]].|| ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Володимир Підвисоцький.jpg|100px]] || || 1857 || 1913 || Pathologist, endocrinologist, immunologist and microbiologist. [[Institute of Experimental Medicine]], until his death Member of the Paris Anatomical Society and Member of the [[Imperial Military Medical Academy]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1939 || 2005 || Volleyball player and coach. [[VC Avtomobilist Saint Petersburg|Avtomobilist Leningrad]], coach of [[Russia men's national volleyball team]], [[Volleyball Hall of Fame]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Alexei Polivanov.jpg|100px]] || || 1855 || 1920 || Military officer, infantry general, Minister of War, chief of the General Staff. Appointed to State Council. [[First World War]], [[Red Army]] service.|| ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1870 || 1929 || Historian, [[Russian Academy of Sciences]], ''Princely Law in Old Rus'', ''The Tsardom of Muscovy '', ''The Development of the State of Great Russia'', revisionist biographies of [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] and [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]. Institute of Historical Studies. || [[File:Лавра Могила Пресняков.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1923 || 2003 || Military officer, [[Soviet Air Force]] colonel, [[Hero of the Soviet Union]], [[Second World War]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Rozenheim Mikhail Pavlovich.jpg|100px]] || || 1820 || 1887 || Poet, editor, publicist and translator. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Sahda.jpg|100px]] || || 1934 || 2010 || Linguist, scholar, Professor of Semitic languages, orientalist, politician, former paratrooper, wrestling champion. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Сазонов Николай Фёдорович.jpg|100px]] || || 1834 || 1902 || Stage actor, [[Alexandrinsky Theatre]], [[Alexander Ostrovsky]], ''[[The Seagull]]''. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary B82 59-5.jpg|100px]] || || 1834 || 1913 || Historian, journalist, military officer. ''Old and New Russia'', ''[[Istorichesky Vestnik]]''. || [[File:Никольское Шубинский 2016-07-20.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Anatoly Sobchak.jpg|100px]] || || 1937 || 2000 || Politician, co-author of the [[Constitution of the Russian Federation]], first democratically elected [[mayor of Saint Petersburg]], mentor and teacher of [[Vladimir Putin]] and [[Dmitry Medvedev]]. || [[File:Надгробие Анатолия Собчака.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1846 || 1916|| Music critic, composer, and teacher at the [[Saint Petersburg Conservatory]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1946 || 1988 || Dissident, politician and ethnographer. || [[File:Надгробие Галины Старовойтовой.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Kramskoy Aleksej Suvorin.JPG|100px]] || || 1834 || 1912 || Newspaper and book publisher, journalist, ''[[Novoye Vremya (newspaper)|Novoye Vremya]]'', ''[[Istorichesky Vestnik]]''. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Ivan Ivanovich Tolstoy 1910s.jpg|100px]] || || 1858 || 1916 || Politician, Vice President of the Russian [[Imperial Academy of Arts]], [[List of Ministers of National Enlightenment|Minister of Education]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Feofil Tolstoy.jpg|100px]] || || 1809 || 1881 || Composer, music critic and writer. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Tzytovitch Erast Stepanovitch.jpg|100px]] || || 1830 || 1898 || Military officer, general. [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848|1849 Hungarian campaign]], the [[Caucasian War]], [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War]], Imperial Military Council. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary B82 55-4.jpg|100px]] || || 1868 || 1920 || Ancient Near East scholar, [[Russian Academy of Sciences]], [[University of St Petersburg]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1930 || 2018 || Olympic rower, [[1952 Summer Olympics]], [[1956 Summer Olympics]], [[1960 Summer Olympics]] || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| || || 1904|| 2008|| Medical professional, oldest practicing surgeon in the world. [[Winter War]], [[Second World War]]. || [[File:Tomb of Uglov.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:General of the Infantry Pyotr Vannovsky.jpg|100px]] || || 1822 || 1904 || Statesman and military leader, general, [[Crimean War]], Minister of War. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Ivan A. Vsevolozhsky.jpeg|100px]] || || 1835 || 1909 || Director of the [[Imperial Theatres]], director of the [[Hermitage Museum]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Anastasia vyaltseva 1.jpg|100px]] || || 1871 || 1913 || Mezzo-soprano, specializing in [[Gypsy art song]]s. || [[File:Лавра Могила Вяльцева 2.jpg|100px]] ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Zinovieva-Annibal 01.jpg|100px]] || || 1866 || 1907 || Prose writer and dramatist, [[Silver Age of Russian Poetry]]. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
| [[File:Lydia Zvereva diploma cr.jpg|100px]] || || 1890 || 1916 || Aviator, first woman in Russia to earn a pilot's license. Air show competitor, aircraft manufacturer. || ||<ref></ref>
|-
|}
==References==
[[Category:Lists of burials by place]]
[[Category:Cemeteries in Saint Petersburg]]
[[Category:Burials at Nikolskoe Cemetery|*]]
http://bit.ly/2VWCVA0
