2020年5月9日土曜日

Deutsche in Kopenhagen

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:46AM
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Deutsche in Kopenhagen
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Игорный дом А. И. Троицкого

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 02:00AM
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Игорный дом А. И. Троицкого
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(6302) Tengukogen

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:59AM
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(6302) Tengukogen
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Максимович, Валентина Фёдоровна

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:58AM
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Максимович, Валентина Фёдоровна
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丹羅克 (伊利諾伊州)

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:58AM
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丹羅克 (伊利諾伊州)
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Lista de deputados estaduais do Maranhão da 17.ª legislatura

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:57AM
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Lista de deputados estaduais do Maranhão da 17.ª legislatura
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Torre dei Gualtieri

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Torre dei Gualtieri
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(6303) 1989 EL2

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(6303) 1989 EL2
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ピーター・バーデンス

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:42AM
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ピーター・バーデンス
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Occludin

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Occludin
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تاريخ الجمهورية السورية الأولى

新規更新されました。 May 09, 2020 at 01:31AM
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تاريخ الجمهورية السورية الأولى
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2020年5月8日金曜日

Diversidad sexual en Suazilandia

新規更新されました。 May 08, 2020 at 01:01AM
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Diversidad sexual en Suazilandia
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Ana Alba García

新規更新されました。 May 08, 2020 at 12:56AM
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Ana Alba García
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意味調べるValentín García

新規更新May 08, 2020 at 12:49AM
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Valentín García


Rafael Asdrubal Santander Garcia: crear procer venezolano carlos valentin garcia



[[Archivo:Carlo Jose Valentin Garcia Mang.jpg|borde|miniaturadeimagen|365x365px| '''Valentín García'''
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Información personal
|-
|'''Nombre''': Carlos José Valentín García Mang
|-
|'''Nacimiento:''' [[15 de diciembre]] de [[1791]].
|-
|'''Lugar:''' Caigüire, [[Cumaná]], [[Estado Sucre|Edo. Sucre]].
|-
|'''Fallecimiento:''' [[7 de octubre]] de [[1856]].
|-
|'''Lugar:''' [[Cumaná|Cumaná,]] [[Estado Sucre|Edo. Sucre]], [[Estado de Venezuela|Venezuela.]]
|-
|'''Causa de la muerte:''' [[Enfermedad]] / [[Tercera edad|vejez.]]
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Información profesional
|-
|'''Formación Militar.''' Se inicia en 1813 con concategoría tropa.
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Sargento Primero 1813
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Teniente en 1816
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Teniente Coronel en 1822
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Coronel de Infantería en 1827
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' General de Brigada en 1828
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Jefe de operaciones de Aragua en 1855
|-
|'''Ascenso:''' Comandante de Armas de la plaza de Cumaná en 1858
|}
]]

== '''Valentín García.''' ==
([[Cumaná]], [[Venezuela]] 15 de diciembre de [[1791]] - 7 de octubre de [[1856]]) participo en la lucha por la [[Independencia de Venezuela|independencia]], fue General de Brigada de la [[República de Venezuela]]. Jefe de operaciones del estado [[Aragua de Barcelona|Aragua]] y Comandante de Armas de la plaza de [[Cumaná|Cumaná.]]

== Biografía. ==

=== Primeros años ===
Nació en Caigüire, Cumaná, Edo. Sucre, el 15 de diciémbre de 1791 y empezó sus servicios a la causa republicána en el año de 1813 en su ciudad natal de Cumaná en la categoría de tropa. Participó el 24 de febrero de 1813 en la Campaña Admirable junto a Bolívar en la defensa de Cartagena de Indias. Fue ascendido al rango de Sargento 1º a Teniente vivo y efectivo. En los Cayos de Haití el 15 de Marzo de 1816. Por el general Simón Bolívar.<ref> Fundación Empresas Polar|fechaacceso=2020-05-06|sitioweb=bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org}}</ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>

=== Batallas ===
Tomó parte en la [[Expedición de Los Cayos]] y en las acciones de esta operación combate en la [[batalla naval de Los Frailes]] el 2 Mayo de 1816.

El 3 de mayo de 1816. Desembarca en el puerto de [[Juan Griego|Juangriego]], [[Isla de Margarita]], el 3 Mayo de 1816. Desembarco en Carúpano y toma el puerto el 1 junio de 1816.

El 29 de junio de 1816. En Carúpano, [[Simón Bolívar|Bolivar]] ordena al intendente General Francisco A. Zea Que disponga al Teniente del Batallón Vencedor de Araure Valentín García, de un uniforme.

El 6 julio de 1816 desembarco en [[Ocumare de la Costa|Ocumáre de la Costa]] e incursión en los [[valles de Aragua]] con el coronel [[Carlos Soublette]]. Después de la batalla de Los Aguacates. Integró la columna que bajo el mando del general de brigada [[Gregor MacGregor]], que llevó a cabo la operación conocida como Retirada de los Seiscientos y con ello marcha hacia el interior, junto a [[Santiago Mariño]] y [[Manuel Piar|Manuel Piar.]]

El 27 de septiembre de 1816 vencieron al brigadier Francisco Tomás Morales en la [[Batalla de El Juncal|batalla de El Juncal.]] (Edo. [[Estado Anzoátegui|Anzoátegui]]). Después de la batalla siguió a [[Escudo guayanés|Guayana]] con el general de división [[Manuel Piar]] y participó en las operaciones para la liberación de aquella provincia. Mesa de Chirica, [[Provincia de Guayana]]. [[Estado Bolívar (1881-1899)|Edo. Bolívar]]. Participa en la [[Batalla de San Félix]] el 11 de abril de 1817.

El 28 de Junio de 1817 el Jefe Supremo con su decreto del 15 del corriente se ha servido colocar el Capitán graduado como Capitán efec­tivo de Cazadores al ciudadano Valentín García al Batallón Libertador.

El 15 de Julio de 1817, El Jefe Supremo con decreto de 15 de julio se ha servido ascender al grado de Capitán vivo y efectivo de la 4° Compañía del Batallón Libertador de Guayana al Teniente Valentín García.

El 1 de diciembre de 1817 realiza la Campaña del Centro junto al Libertador, partiendo desde Angostura hasta los llanos de [[Calabozo (Venezuela)|Calabozo]] en el [[Estado Guárico]], donde se encontraba Pablo Morillo.

16 de Marzo de 1818 [[Batalla de La Puerta (1818)|Batalla del Semén o de la Puerta]]. En esta batalla logra salvar la vida al libertador, sugiriendo éste adoptar por nombre, Valentin Valiente.

=== Batalla del Semén o Tercera Batalla de la Puerta 1818. ===
Fue en ésta misma campaña a muy tempranas horas del 16 de marzo de 1818, llegó el General [[Simón Bolívar]] al valle de Semén, y de inmediato procedió a organizar defensivamente la posición, detrás del riachuelo del mismo nombre. La Guardia de Honor ([[José Antonio Anzoátegui]]), en batalla, a la derecha; el batallón Valerosos Cazadores, en columna en el centro, sostenía el paso principal del curso de agua; el batallón Barlovento, en batalla a la derecha; el batallón Barcelona, en batalla, en segunda línea; la caballería en 3 columnas a retaguardia ([[José Tadeo Monagas]], [[Pedro Zaraza]] y Genaro Vásquez). Entre las 7 y las 8 a.m., se produjo el contacto, cuando los realistas (la vanguardia bajo el mando del Brigadier [[Francisco Tomás Morales]]) dirigieron una unidad de infantería a ocupar las alturas de la derecha republicana, lo cual no pudo lograr porque fue detenida por un batallón de la Guardia de Honor. Trataron los atacantes de reforzar su izquierda, pero fueron rechazados mediante un contraataque de 3 batallones y la caballería de Monagas. En provecho de dicha acción fueron empleados otros 2 batallones realistas, al tiempo que contra la derecha de Morales actuaba el Coronel Genaro Vásquez con la caballería de Apure. Los realistas emprendieron la retirada, seguidos por las unidades republicanas. La persecución fue llevada hasta los barrancos de otro riachuelo (Quebrada Seca) donde fue detenida por la intervención del batallón de la Unión, en momentos en que el General [[Pablo Morillo]], poniéndose a la cabeza de otra unidad que tenía en reserva o que llegaba en ese momento, cargó contra los republicanos. Bolívar se encontraba irremediablemente en el blanco de muerte , acorralado por el pelotón de fusileros realistas, cuando uno de los enemigos lanza en ristre, se abalanzó resuelto contra Bolivar; pero el Oficial Valentin Garcia, con su agilidad y destreza, se le fue encima al agresor y lo decapitó de un certero y formidable golpe de sable. Admirado, Bolívar logra por enésima vez salvar la vida. En esta intervención, el General Morillo decidió la victoria a su favor, pero antes de terminar la refriega, el General fue herido en el abdomen por una lanza. Tras el incidente, Bolívar dio sus reconocimientos por su acertada labor y tras un apretón de mano, el Libertador, interrogó a Valentín preguntándole cómo se llamaba? el oficial cumanés le respondió, "Valentín García, para servir a la Patria mi General", y entonces Bolívar, le dijo, "es mejor que te llames Valentín Valiente, ¿por qué no te llamas así desde hoy?" luego las fuerzas de Bolívar emprendieron la retirada hacia Calabozo. El 23 de mayo de 1819 Participa en La [[Campaña Libertadora de Nueva Granada|Campaña Libertadora de la Nueva Granada]] emprendida por Simón Bolívar y Francisco de Paula Santander desde la aldea la Setenta, a orillas del río Apure hasta [[Bogotá]], en esta marcha se fueron susediendo varios combates como las del 11 de julio de 1819, en la Batalla de Gámeza o la del 25 de julio de 1819, en la [[Batalla del Pantano de Vargas]]. siendo este uno de los 14 lanceros que ayudaron a ganar esa batalla.<ref> Fundación Empresas Polar|fechaacceso=2020-05-06|sitioweb=bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org}}</ref>

=== La Batalla del Pantano de Vargas. ===
Desde las nueve de la mañana del domingo, lucharon con fieros ataques los ejércitos realista e independentista. Ya pasada las seis de la tarde el cual duro aquel infernal y valeroso ataque donde el ímpetud bélico neoespartanos hacíanle honor a su gentilício. Con admirable desprecio de la vida lograban romper las filas e infiltrarse en el campo del enemigo para dar y recibir heroicos la muerte. En [[Batalla del Pantano de Vargas|Pantano de Vargas]] resucitó el prodigio, todos allí sin excepción alguna, fueron grandes; Pero satisface evocar a los Venezolanos Juan José Rondón, "El hijo del alto llano", como se calificara él mismo en presencia del general Páez, a Leonardo Infante y al Velerozo Valentín Gacía o "Valentin Valiente" como lo nombro el libertador en aquella batalla del semén por haberle salvado la vida. El 7 de agosto de 1819, lucha en la [[Batalla de Boyacá]] Colombia, el 7 de abril de 1822 en Colombia cerca del volcán Galeras, en la [[Batalla de Bomboná]], en Mayo de 1822 asciende al rango de Teniente Coronel. y comandante de un batallón, el 9 de diciembre de 1824 participa en La [[Batalla de Ayacucho]]. en 1827 asciende a Coronel de Infantería y mas tarde, en 1828 despues de la disolución de la [[Gran Colombia|Antigua Colombia]], fue General de Brigada de la República de [[Venezuela]]. Y en julio de 1829 integraba el Colegio Electoral de la provincia de [[Caracas]], que nombraría los diputados ante el Congreso Constituyente de Colombia, convocado para enero de 1830, en 1831 despues de la disolución de la antigua Colombia, fué General de Brigada de la República de Venezuela.

En 1949 contrajo nupcias en La Victoria Estado Aragua con Nieves María Gil, de cuyo matrimonio nacieron 2 hijos: Julio Garcia Gil y Eusebio Garcia Gil.

En 1853 obtuvo cédula de inválido con el rango de general de brigada. En julio de 1854 estalló en Barquisimeto un movimiento revolucionario, encabezado por el General Juan Bautista Rodríguez. El presidente <nowiki>'''</nowiki>[[José Gregorio Monagas]]<nowiki>'''</nowiki> se movió a <nowiki>'''</nowiki>Valencia<nowiki>'''</nowiki>, y allí organizó el ejército que debía combatir a Rodríguez'; el General Valentín García formaba parte del ejército que derrotó al jefe insurrecto el 27 de julio de 1854 en El Chaparral de los Cerritos de Juan Antonio. y apresado en Quíbor.[[Barquisimeto]] el 13 de agosto de 1854.<ref></ref>

=== Ultimos años ===
Ejerció el cargo de Jefe de operaciones de Aragua y Comandante de Armas de la plaza de Cumaná, durante la presidencia del General José Gregorio Monagas (1795-1858), entre (1851-1855).

El General Carlos José Valentín García Mang falleció en Cumaná, Edo. Sucre, el 7 de octubre de 1856 a la edad de 65 años.

Venezolano ilustre entre los ilustres, y como tal, sus restos reposan en el Panteón Nacional, en Caracas, desde el 27 de abril de 1961 al lado de los grandes hombres que de una u otra forma, contribuyeron en la lucha emancipadora y ocupando su merecido lugar de honor.

== Referencias ==

https://ift.tt/2Lb6w4U

2020年5月7日木曜日

意味調べるDecadenica de los Estados Unidos

新規更新May 07, 2020 at 07:45AM
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Decadenica de los Estados Unidos


Comayagua99: /* Señales de decadencia */ Moviendo la sección de economía


La '''decadencia de los Estados Unidos''' es un término utilizado por varios analistas para describir el poder disminuido de los [[Estados Unidos]] en términos [[geopolíticos]], [[militares]], financieros, [[económicos]], [[sociales]] y en términos de [[salud]] y [[medio ambiente]].<ref name="MC"></ref><ref name="Chomsky"></ref><ref name="HP"></ref><ref name="Lach"></ref><ref name="pew"> Pew Research Center|fechaacceso=28 March 2019|fecha=21 March 2019}}</ref> Hay debate entre quienes creen que los Estados Unidos está en decadencia y aquellos otros que sienten que los Estados Unidos es simplemente especial, lo que se llama la teoría del [[excepcionalismo estadounidense]].<ref name="Sarah"></ref>

Algunos analistas dicen que los EE.UU. lleva en decadencia mucho antes de que llegara [[Donald Trump]] a la presidencia en [[2016]]; él siendo el primer candidato a la presidencia que promoviera la idea de que los EE.UU. está en decadencia.<ref name="Chomsky"></ref><ref></ref> Mientras otros sugieren que la decadencia del país es a causa de la [[política exterior]] de Trump o por lo menos ha sido acelerada por su política exterior de retirarse del escenario mundial.<ref name="Ali"></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref name="Huf"></ref> Según [[Noam Chomsky]], la decadencia del país empezó al terminar la [[Segunda Guerra Mundial]], rechazando la "retórica notable de varios años de triunfalismo de los años 1990" como "mero [[autoengaño]]".

Encuestadores de [[Gallup]] reportaron que la aprobación global del liderazgo de los EE.UU. se hundió del 48% en 2016 a un récord bajo de 30% en 2018, en gran parte debido a las posturas [[Aislacionismo|aislacionistas]] de [[Donald Trump]]. Esta caída coloca a los EE.UU. una muesca por debajo de la aprobación global de [[República Popular China|China]] con un 31% y dejando a [[Alemania]] como el poder global más popular con una aprobación del 41%.<ref></ref><ref></ref> [[Michael Hudson]] describe el pilar financiero como primordial, un resultado del dinero creado por bancos con [[interés compuesto]] y la denegación incorporada de perdonar deudas como el defecto fatal.<ref name="Huds"></ref>

La competencia de China con los EE.UU. para el predominio global constituye un núcleo del debate sobre la decadencia estadounidense.<ref name="Ali"></ref><ref></ref><ref name="Cn-domin"></ref>

== Comparación con estados más tempranos ==
Muchos de los comentaristas principales de los EE.UU., desde más de medio siglo, han consistentemente describido a los EE.UU. como "un débil caso perdido que caerá a rivales más fuertes inevitablemente igual que como cayó [[Antigua Roma|Roma]] a los [[bárbaros]] o [[Francia]] a [[Enrique V de Inglaterra|Enrique V]] en [[Agincourt]]."<ref name="Atlantic"></ref>

Michael Hudson señala que es necesario el perdonamiento de deuda personal cuando las deudas personales al estado son demasiado grandes. [[Antigua Roma|Roma]] puso punto final a esta práctica, mientras que otros imperios más tempranos como el [[asirio]], sobrevivieron a través del perdonamiento periódico de deuda. Esta práctica fue acabada con el [[Imperio Romano|imperio romano]], resultando en el empobrecimiento y desahucio de agricultores, creando un creciente [[lumpemproletariado]]. El mismo proceso contribuyó al derrumbamiento del [[imperio británico]] y continúa con crisis financieras periódicas ([[Gran Depresión|Gran Depresíon de 1929]] y [[Gran Recesión|Gran Recesión de 2008]]) cuáles son sólo aliviados por rescates de gobierno y/o guerra. Hudson añade que cada vez que la historia se repite, el precio remonta. Los EE.UU. está siendo destruida por deuda bancaria con mecanismo de perdonamiento, haciendo el derrumbe del país algo inevitable.<ref name="Huds"></ref>
[[Archivo:American_bases_worldwide.svg|miniaturadeimagen|Países donde los Estados Unidos tiene bases e instalaciones militares]]
<br />

=== Reino Unido ===
Kennedy argumenta que "la fuerza financiera británica era el factor decisivo en sus victorias sobre [[Francia]] durante el [[siglo XVIII]]. Mientras el [[dólar estadounidense]] vaya perdiendo su función como [[moneda global]], a monedas como el [[euro]], no podrá ser capaz de continuar teniendo déficits comerciales para financiar sus gastos militares.<ref name="kennedy"></ref>

Según [[Richard Lachmann]], los EE.UU. duraría mucho más tiempo si algo que el [[Reino Unido]], pudiese restringir el control de las [[élites]] o [[Clase alta estadounidense|familias pudientes]] sobre los oficinas y poderes gubernamentales.<ref name="Lach"></ref>

== Señales de decadencia ==
La [[hegemonía]] de los EE.UU. siempre ha sido apoyada por tres pilares: "fuerza económica, un ejército pudiente, y el [[poder blando]] de dominancia cultural."<ref name="NR1"></ref>

=== Economía ===
En 1970 el porcentaje de producción mundial de los EE.UU. había caído de 40% a 25%. El economista [[Jeffrey Sachs]] observó que el porcentaje de ingresos mundiales de los EE.UU. había caído del 24.6% en 1980 a 19.1% en 2011.<ref name="Chomsky"></ref><ref name="NR1"></ref> La proporción de ingreso medio de un [[Director ejecutivo|director]] [[Director ejecutivo|ejecutivo]] al ingreso medio de un trabajador medio en los EE.UU. fue de 24:1 en 1965 a 262:1 en 2005.<ref></ref><ref name="Sarah"></ref> Una encuesta llevada a cabo por el [[Pew Research Center|Pew Centro de Búsqueda]] muestra que una mayoría de [[estadounidenses]] pronostica que la economía de los EE.UU. será más débil en 2050. Según la encuesta, una mayoría de las personas piensa que los EE.UU. será un país "con una creciente [[deuda nacional]], una brecha cada vez más ancha entre los ricos y los pobres y una [[fuerza laboral]] amenazada por la [[automatización]]."<ref name="pew"> Pew Research Center|fechaacceso=28 March 2019|fecha=21 March 2019}}</ref>

La mayoría de [[Derecha política|personas de derechas]] y algunos [[Centro político|centristas]] creen que las raíces de la crisis fiscal estadounidense es atribuida al aumento del gasto en programas sociales o de los aumentos en gasto militar para las [[Guerra de Irak|guerras en Irak]] y en [[Guerra de Afganistán (2001-2014)|Afganistán]], ambos del cual dirigieron el país hacia la decadenia. Aun así, [[Richard Lachmann]] describe el problema real como "el mal uso y gestión de los ingresos y gasto del gobierno, resultando en una desviación de recursos de las tareas vitales para mantener dominancia económica y geopolítica."<ref name="Lach"></ref> Kennedy argumenta que mientras aumenta el gasto militar, esto reduce la inversión en [[crecimiento económico]], que al final "dirige a una espiral descendente de crecimiento más lento e impuestos más altos, así profundizando las rupturas domésticas sobre temas de gasto público, y así también debilitando la capacidad del país de aguantar las cargas de defensa."<ref name="kennedy"></ref>

=== Ejército ===
Kennedy argumenta que el gasto en [[déficit]], particularmente en la construcción del [[ejército]], es la causa principal de una decadencia de cualquier gran potencia. Los costes de las guerras en [[Invasión de Irak de 2003|Irak]] y [[Guerra de Afganistán (desambiguación)|Afganistán]] son ahora estimados en hasta $4.4 billones, el cual Kennedy considera una victoria importante para [[Osama bin Laden]], cuyo objetivo declarado era la bancarrota de los EE.UU. En 2011 el presupuesto militar de los EE.UU. — casi emparejando el del resto del mundo combinado — era más alto en términos reales que en cualquier tiempo desde la [[Segunda Guerra Mundial]].<ref name="kennedy"></ref>

Según un informe de la [[Comisión de Estrategia de Defensa Nacional]], "las ventajas militares de los EE.UU. han disminuido", y "el margen de error estratégico del país ha devenido preocupantemente pequeño. Han proliferado la dudas sobre la capacidad del país en disuadir, y si es necesario, defender y honorar sus compromisos globales adversarios." El informe citó un "presupuesto limitado" y una "disfunción política" como los factores que limitan que el gobierno pueda mantenerse al tanto de amenazas, llamándolo "una crisis de seguridad nacional." El informe escribió que, para neutralizar la fuerza de los EE.UU., [[República Popular China|China]] y [[Rusia]] intentaban conseguir "hegemonía regional" y desarrollan un fuerte ejército.<ref></ref> En 2018, General de Fuerza del Aire Frank Gorenc dijo que la ventaja que los EE.UU. tiene sobre Rusia y China iba disminuyendo.<ref name="NI"></ref> Según [[Forbes]], la decadencia del ejército empezó cuándo el [[Secretario de Defensa]] [[Dick Cheney]] paró cien programas de armas importantes hace 25 años cuándo [[Disolución de la Unión Soviética|la Unión Soviética colapsó]].<ref name="forbes"></ref>

=== Cultura ===
La [[cultura estadounidense]] está en decadencia según [[Allan Bloom|Allan Florece]], [[E. D. Hirsch]] y Russel Jacoby.<ref name="Js"></ref> [[Samuel P. Huntington]] también cree que la cultura y política estadounidense llevan en decadencia desde finales de los años 1950, llegando en olas de debilitamiento, concretamente en reacción al lanzamiento de [[Sputnik]] por parte de la [[Unión Soviética]]; la [[Guerra de Vietnam]]; la [[crisis del petróleo de 1973]]; la agresión soviética a finales de los años 1970; y la inquietud popular que acompañó el final de la [[Guerra Fría]].<ref name="Atlantic"></ref> El aumento de [[posmodernismo]] desde la [[Segunda Guerra Mundial]] ha contribuido a la disminución de la cultura estadounidense, según Goldfrab. Bloom observa que "en vez de la búsqueda de la verdad, hay una certeza adolescente que todo es incierto." Él critica sus estudiantes por su [[relativismo]], [[narcisismo]] y la decadencia de amor y amistad, señalando a tales íconos culturales cuando [[Mick Jagger]], que se retrata como un rebelde [[nihilista]].

William J. Bennett argumenta que la decadencia cultural de los EE.UU. señala "un cambio en las actitudes y las creencias del público". El índice de [[mortalidad materna]] se ha duplicado en los EE.UU. desde finales de los años 1980 en contraste con otros países desarrollados como [[España]] o [[Chile]].<ref></ref> Según el Índice de Indicadores Culturales Principales, publicado en 1993, la moralidad, y condiciones de la sociedad estadounidense contemporánea llevando en decadencia desde 1963. El índice mostró que ha habido un aumento en crimen violento, nacimientos ilegítimos, el índice de divorcio, el porcentaje de los niños que viven en casas de [[Madre soltera|padres solteros]], y el índice de suicidio adolescente desde 1963 a 1993.<ref name="Quantifying"></ref> En 2015, alrededor de la mitad de los niños estadounidenses nacieron con madres no casadas.

Según Kenneth Weisbrode, aunque las estadísticas indiquen una decadenica de los EE.UU. (con un aumento del índice de muertes, parálisis política, aumento de crimen), "los estadounidenses han tenido una cultura baja desde mucho tiempo, y desde mucho tiempo la promueve". Cree que la obsesión con la decadencia no es algo nuevo, si no algo que viene desde los [[puritanos]]. "La decadencia cultural, en otras palabras, es tan estadounidense como la [[tarta de manzana]]," argumenta Weisbrode. Él compara la [[Francia]] pre-[[Revolución francesa|revolucionaria]] y los EE.UU. de día por su vulgaridad, lo cual él argumenta que es "una extensión casi natural o resultado de todo aquello que es civilizado: una glorificación del ego."<ref></ref>

=== Salud ===
En el 2019, los EE.UU. fue calificado número 35 en una clasificación de países en términos de salud. Por comparación, [[España]] fue calificado como número 1 e [[Italia]] número 2. "La esperanza de vida en los EE.UU. lleva una tendencia a la baja debido a un alto número de muertes por [[sobredosis]] de fármaco y [[suicidios]]."<ref></ref>

== Véase también ==

* [[Imperialismo estadounidense|Imperialismo americano]]
* [[La decadencia de Occidente|La Disminución de Occidente]]
* [[Colapso del Estado|Derrumbamiento estatal]]

== Referencias ==


== Bibliografía ==

*
[[Categoría:Filosofía social]]
[[Categoría:Debates políticos]]
[[Categoría:Historia de Estados Unidos]]

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Мыза (Пограничная волость)

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 07:14AM
【外部リンク】
Мыза (Пограничная волость)
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ديانة مياو الشعبية

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 07:10AM
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ديانة مياو الشعبية
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ロッキーとブルウィンクルの大冒険

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 07:07AM
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ロッキーとブルウィンクルの大冒険
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Pandémie de Covid-19 à Brunei

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 06:50AM
【外部リンク】
Pandémie de Covid-19 à Brunei
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عزيزة هارون

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 04:10AM
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عزيزة هارون
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单级入轨

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 03:40AM
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单级入轨
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意味調べるOscar uribe

新規更新May 07, 2020 at 05:31AM
【外部リンク】

Oscar uribe


181.236.246.182: Página creada con «Actor y futuro cantante colombiano, ha hecho parte del Festival Internacional De Cine De Santander (FICS); ha estado presente en dos cortometrajes llamados la cometa roja d…»


Actor y futuro cantante colombiano, ha hecho parte del Festival Internacional De Cine De Santander (FICS); ha estado presente en dos cortometrajes llamados la cometa roja donde fue actor de reparto que fue presentada el 14 de agosto del 2017 y el molino donde fue protagonista del corto presentada el 15 de agosto del 2018, los dos cortos fueron presentados en el FICS por el semillero de cineastas de la fecha.

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意味調べるAlberi monumentali della Lombardia

新規更新May 07, 2020 at 05:31AM
【外部リンク】

Alberi monumentali della Lombardia


Leopold:


Gli '''[[Albero monumentale|alberi monumentali]] della [[Lombardia]]''' sono tutelati dalla legge 14 gennaio 2013, n.10 e dal relativo decreto attuativo 23 ottobre 2014.

Sono considerati alberi monumentali:
* gli alberi isolati o facenti parte di formazioni boschive naturali o artificiali che per età o dimensioni possono essere considerati come rari esempi di maestosità o longevità;
* gli alberi che hanno un preciso riferimento a eventi o memorie rilevanti dal punto di vista storico o culturale o a tradizioni locali.

== Provincia di Bergamo ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Cedro di Alzano Lombardo ||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||26||540|||c. 1880|||[[Alzano Lombardo]]||parco comunale||n.d.||304||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Gleditsia triacanthos]]''||''[[Spino di Giuda]]''||18,5||460|||c. 1836|||[[Carobbio degli Angeli]]||castello||n.d.||304||
|-
|Sequoia di Cenate||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||31,5||520|||c. 1812|||[[Cenate Sopra]]||parco Maestri Sartori||n.d.||330||
|-
|Sequoia di Clusone||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||31||460|||c. 1836|||[[Clusone]]||palazzo Barca Marinoni||n.d.||330||
|-
|Rovere di Mozzo||||''[[Qurcus petraea]]''||''[[Rovere]]''||33||550|||c. 1745|||[[Mozzo]]||Berba||n.d.||252||
|-
|Cedro di Paladina||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||31||650|||c. 1760|||[[Paladina]]||Sombreno, Parco Agliardi||n.d.||272||
|-
|Sequoia di Paladina||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||30||660|||c. 1756|||[[Paladina]]||Sombreno, Parco Agliardi||n.d.||272||
|-
|Rovere di Torre||||''[[Qurcus petraea]]''||''[[Rovere]]''||31||510|||c. 1816|||[[Torre de' Roveri]]||Colle Pasta||n.d.||271||
|}

== Provincia di Brescia==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Platano di Collebeato||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano]]''||35||682|||c. 1747|||[[Collebeato]]||Via Santa Caterina||n.d.||200||
|-
|Abete di Closura||||''[[Abies alba]]''||''[[Abete bianco]]''||27||508|||c. 1816|||[[Collio]]||Closura||n.d.||850||
|-
|Castagno di Bisimo||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||20||770|||c. 1712|||[[Corteno Golgi]]||Bisimo di Santicolo||n.d.||925||
|-
|Castagno di Lombo||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||26||630|||c. 1768|||[[Corteno Golgi]]||Lombo||n.d.||925||
|-
|Faggio di Campiglio||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||25||540|||c. 1804|||[[Gargnano]]||Campiglio di Cima Roccolo||n.d.||66||
|-
|Faggio di Magasa||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||30||500|||c. 1820|||[[Magasa]]||Malga Alvezza||n.d.||697||
|-
|Pioppo di Manerba||||''[[Popolus tramula]]''||''[[Pioppo tremolo]]''||18||500|||c. 1820|||[[Manerba]]||Porto di Drusano||n.d.||130||
|-
|Faggio di Pertica||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||30||405|||c. 1858|||[[Pertica Alta]]||Malga Ecolo||n.d.||900||
|-
|Castagno di Pezzate||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||20||520|||c. 1812|||[[Pezzaze]]||Avano||n.d.||620||
|-
|Cedrò di Salò||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||26||600|||c. 1780|||[[Salò]]||Via Cure del Lino, 102||n.d.||65||
|-
|Faggio di Sonico||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||18||628|||c. 1768|||[[Sonico (Italia)|Sonico]]||Valle Malga Monteffo||n.d.||650||
|-
|Abete di Sonico||||''[[Picea abies]]''||''[[Abete rosso]]''||28||392|||c. 1863|||[[Sonico (Italia)|Sonico]]||Malga Frino – Pagherina||n.d.||650||
|-
|Castagno di Vobarno||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||18||810|||c. 1696|||[[Vobarno]]||Carione Covolo||n.d.||245||
|}

== Provincia di Como==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Sequoia di Albavilla||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||31||620|||c. 1772|||[[Albavilla]]||Alpe Vice Re||n.d.||427||
|-
|Cedro di Appiano||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro atlantico]]''||20||1150|||c. 1560|||[[Appiano Gentile]]||Via San Martino||n.d.||366||
|-
|Faggio di Barni||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||29||520|||c. 1812|||[[Barni]]||Foo del Driz||n.d.||635||
|-
|Castagno di Barni||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||28||720|||c. 1732|||[[Barni]]||Boncava – Madonnina||n.d.||635||
|-
|Olmo di Villa Melzi||||''[[Zelkowa crenata]]''||''[[Olmo del Caucaso]]''||25||600|||c. 1780|||[[Bellagio]]||Villa Melzi||n.d.||229||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Melzi||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||24||580|||c. 1788|||[[Bellagio]]||Villa Melzi||n.d.||229||
|-
|Faggio di San Primo||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||31||630|||c. 1768|||[[Bellagio]]||San Primo||n.d.||229||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Liquidambar styraciflua]]''||''[[Liquidambar]]''||22||530|||c. 1808|||[[Bellagio]]||Villa Gerli||n.d.||229||
|-
|Cedro di Blevio||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||27||580|||c. 1788|||[[Blevio]]||Villa Cademartori||n.d.||231||
|-
|Faggio di Piancone||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||24||870|||c. 1672|||[[Casargo]]||Piancone||n.d.||804||
|-
|Faggio dell'Ortighera||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||19||740|||c. 1724|||[[Casargo]]||Alpe Ortighera||n.d.||804||
|-
|Faggio di Casatenovo||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||22||440|||c. 1844|||[[Casatenovo]]||Villa Montereggio||n.d.||356||
|-
|Cedro di Casatenovo||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||20||500|||c. 1820|||[[Casatenovo]]||Villa Montereggio||n.d.||356||
|-
|Cedro di Casatenovo||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||30||480|||c. 1828|||[[Casatenovo]]||Villa Montereggio||n.d.||356||
|-
|Platano di Villa d'Este||||''[[Platanus occidentalis]]''||''[[Platano occidentale]]''||35||810|||c. 1696|||[[Cernobbio]]||[[Villa d'Este (Cernobbio)|Villa d'Este]]||n.d.||202||
|-
|Platano di Villa Erba||||''[[Platanus occidentalis]]''||''[[Platano occidentale]]''||40||615|||c. 1774|||[[Cernobbio]]||[[Villa Erba]]||n.d.||202||
|-
|Platano di Villa Gallia||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||36||560|||c. 1796|||[[Como]]||[[Villa Gallia]]||n.d.||201||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Olmo||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||25||760|||c. 1716|||[[Como]]||[[Villa Olmo]]||n.d.||201||
|-
|Platano di Villa Olmo||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||45||890|||c. 1664|||[[Como]]||[[Villa Olmo]]||n.d.||201||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||32||650|||c. 1760|||[[Como]]||[[Museo Giovio]]||n.d.||201||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Celestia||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||25||550|||c. 1800|||[[Como]]||[[Villa Celestia]]||n.d.||201||
|-
|Cedro di Villa De Vecchi||||''[[Picea abies]]''||''[[Abete rosso]]''||42||360|||c. 1876|||[[Cortenova]]||Villa De Vecchi||n.d.||483||
|-
|Faggio di Crangola||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||24||750|||c. 1720|||[[Crandola Valsassina]]||Ape Oro||n.d.||780||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja gigantea]]''||''[[Tuia gigante]]''||31||550|||c. 1800|||[[Dizzasco]]||Villa Alberti||n.d.||506||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Rossi||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||33||510|||c. 1816|||[[Ello]]||Villa Rossi Scribani||n.d.||411||
|-
|Sequoia di Villa Amman||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||36||686|||c. 1745|||[[Ello]]||Villa Amman||n.d.||411||
|-
|Quercia di Rogolone||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||28||723|||c. 1730|||[[Grandola ed Uniti]]||Rogolone||n.d.||443||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Araucaria araucana]]''||''[[Araucaria]]''||18||290|||c. 1904|||[[Gravedona]]||Villa Guastoni||n.d.||201||
|-
|Platano di Sabbione||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||28||525|||c. 1730|||[[Imbersago]]||Sabbione||n.d.||249||
|-
|Castagno di Cuscia||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||25||750|||c. 1720|||[[Laino]]||Sabbione||n.d.||700||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Pseudotsuga douglasi]]''||''[[Douglasia]]''||35||650|||c. 1760|||[[Lanzo d'Intelvi]]||Villa Mattelli||n.d.||907||
|-
|Faggio di Villa d'Amore||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||33||400|||c. 1760|||[[Lanzo d'Intelvi]]||Villa d'Amore||n.d.||907||
|-
|Magnolia di Villa Gomez||||''[[Magnolia grandiflora]]''||''[[Magnolia]]''||20||350|||c. 1880|||[[Lecco]]||Villa Gomez||n.d.||214||
|-
|Betulla di Margno||||''[[Betula pendula]]''||''[[Betulla]]''||19||250|||c. 1920|||[[Margno]]||Pian delle Betulle||n.d.||730||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Vigoni||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Atlante]]''||34||557|||c. 1797|||[[Menaggio]]||Villa Vigoni||n.d.||203||
|-
|Ginepro di Villa Vigoni||||''[[Juniperus sabina]]''||''[[Ginepro]]''||1,82||0,92|||n.d.|||[[Menaggio]]||Villa Vigoni||n.d.||203||
|-
|Faggio di Villa Vigoni||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio rosso]]''||36||372|||n.d.|||[[Menaggio]]||Villa Vigoni||n.d.||203||
|-
|Cipresso di Villa Vigoni||||''[[Cupressus funebris]]''||''[[Cipresso cinese]]''||34||374|||c. 1870|||[[Menaggio]]||Villa Vigoni||n.d.||203||
|-
|Cedro di Villa d'Azeglio||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||30||630|||n.d.|||[[Menaggio]]||Loveno – Villa d'Azeglio||n.d.||203||
|-
|Cedro dell'Osservatorio||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||28||590|||c. 1784|||[[Merate]]||Osservatorio||n.d.||292||
|-
|Platano di Mezzegra||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||43||800|||c. 1700|||[[Mezzegra]]||Villa I Platani||n.d.||220||
|-
|Leccio di Villa Greppi||||''[[Quercus ilex]]''||''[[Leccio]]''||16||560|||c. 1796|||[[Monticello Brianza]]||Villa Greppi||n.d.||408||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Greppi||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Atlante]]''||26||830|||c. 1688|||[[Monticello Brianza]]||Villa Greppi||n.d.||408||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Greppi||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||25||700|||c. 1740|||[[Monticello Brianza]]||Villa Greppi||n.d.||408||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Orombelli||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||33||520|||c. 1812|||[[Musso (Italia)|Musso]]||Villa Greppi||n.d.||201||
|-
|Faggio di Pellio||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||30||570|||c. 1792|||[[Pellio Intelvi]]||Fontana di Gotta||n.d.||750||
|-
|Frassino di Ponna||||''[[Fraxinus excelsior]]''||''[[Frassino maggiore]]''||28||380|||c. 1868|||[[Ponna]]||Alpe di Ponna||n.d.||870||
|-
|Cerro di Ramponio||||''[[Quercus cerris]]''||''[[Cerro]]''||28||410|||c. 1856|||[[Ramponio Verna]]||Centro abitato||n.d.||705||
|-
|Cedro di San Fedele||||''[[Libocedrus decurrens]]''||''[[Libocedro]]''||23||440|||c. 1844|||[[San Fedele Intelvi]]||Largo IV Novembre||n.d.||799||
|-
|Sequoia di Villa Cattaneo||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||23||600|||c. 1780|||[[San Fedele Intelvi]]||Villa Cattaneo||n.d.||799||
|-
|Canforo di Sant'Abbondio||||''[[Cinnamomum camphora]]''||''[[Canforo]]''||20||640|||c. 1764|||[[Sant'Abbondio (San Siro)|Sant'Abbondio]]||Prada||n.d.||216||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Liriodendron tulipifera]]''||''[[Liriodendro]]''||52||500|||c. 1820|||[[Sirtori]]||Parco Besana||n.d.||457||
|-
|Faggio di Sirtori||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||32||670|||c. 1752|||[[Sirtori]]||Parco Besana||n.d.||457||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Criptomeria japonica]]''||''[[Crittomeria]]''||17||430|||c. 1848|||[[Sirtori]]||Parco Besana||n.d.||457||
|-
|Quercia di Villa Taverna||||''[[Qurcus rubra]]''||''[[Quercia rossa]]''||22||550|||c. 1800|||[[Torno]]||Villa Taverna||n.d.||225||
|-
|Picea di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Picea orientalis]]''||''[[Picea del Caucaso]]''||30||318|||c. 1800|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Eucalipto di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Eucalyptus viminalis]]''||''[[Eucalipto]]''||25||388|||c. 1864|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Palma di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Jubaea chilensis]]''||''[[Palma del Cile]]''||16||316|||c. 1893|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Platano di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||45||500|||c. 1820|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Liriodendro di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Liriodendron tulipifera]]''||''[[Liriodendro]]''||29||477|||c. 1829|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Rododendro di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Rhododemdron arborescens]]''||''[[Rododendro]]''||14||175|||n.d.|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Douglasia di Villa Carlotta||||''[[Pseudotsuga taxifolia]]''||''[[Douglasia]]''||57||502|||c. 1819|||[[Tremezzo]]||[[Villa Carlotta]]||n.d.||200||
|-
|Magnolia di Varenna||||''[[Magnolia grandiflora]]''||''[[Magnolia]]''||15||400|||c. 1860|||[[Varenna]]||Villa Monastero||n.d.||220||
|}

== Provincia di Milano==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Cedro di Villa Calderari||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Atlante]]''||31||550|||c. 1800|||[[Boffalora sopra Ticino]]||Villa Calderari - Oratorio||n.d.||142||
|-
|Quercia della Bardena||||''[[Qurcus palustris]]''||''[[Quercia palustre]]''||36||470|||c. 1832|||[[Cassinetta di Lugagnano]]||Cascina Bardena||n.d.||125||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja gigantea]]''||''[[Tuia gigante]]''||30||480|||c. 1828|||[[Cuggiono]]||Centro abitato||n.d.||157||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Annoni||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Atlante]]''||24||500|||1809|||[[Cuggiono]]||[[Villa Annoni]]||n.d.||157||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||30||570|||c. 1792|||[[Lentate sul Seveso]]||Via Cavour, 46||n.d.||250||
|-
|Cedro del parco di Monza||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||34||700|||c. 1740|||[[Monza]]||[[Parco di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|Quercia rossa del parco di Monza||||''[[Qurcus rubeus]]''||''[[Quercia rossa]]''||25||500|||c. 1820|||[[Monza]]||[[Parco di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]''||''[[Ippocastano]]''||28||450|||c. 1840|||[[Monza]]||[[Parco di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Quercus robur]]''||''[[Farnia]]''||22||550|||c. 1800|||[[Monza]]||[[Parco di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sophora japonica]]''||''[[Sofora]]''||14||390|||c. 1864|||[[Monza]]||[[Villa Reale di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sophora japonica]]''||''[[Sofora]]''||13||310|||c. 1896|||[[Monza]]||[[Villa Reale di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Taxodium distichum]]''||''[[Cipresso calvo]]''||34||440|||c. 1844|||[[Monza]]||[[Villa Reale di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Taxodium distichum]]''||''[[Cipresso calvo]]''||32||380|||c. 1868|||[[Monza]]||[[Villa Reale di Monza]]||n.d.||162||
|}

== Provincia di Mantova==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Farnia di Sacca||||''[[Quercus robur]]''||''[[Farnia]]''||24||483|||c. 1826|||[[Goito]]||[[Sacca (Goito)|Sacca]]||n.d.||32||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Ginkgo biloba]]''||''[[Ginkgo biloba]]''||41||400|||c. 1860|||[[Goito]]||Parco Bertone||n.d.||32||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Liriodendron tulipifera]]''||''[[Liriodendro]]''||40||350|||c. 1880|||[[Goito]]||Parco Bertone||n.d.||32||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Populus nigra]]''||''[[Pioppo nero]]''||36||690|||c. 1744|||[[Goito]]||Parco Bertone||n.d.||32||
|}

== Provincia di Pavia==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Platano di Belgioioso||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||40||550|||c. 1800|||[[Belgioioso]]||Via Dante, 1||n.d.||75||
|-
|Rovere di Langosco||||''[[Qurcus petraea]]''||''[[Rovere]]''||25||600|||c. 1780|||[[Langosco]]||Centro abitato||n.d.||111||
|-
|Platano dell'Orto Botanico di Pavia||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||45||680|||c. 1748|||[[Pavia]]||Orto Botanico||n.d.||77||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Platanus hibrida]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||13||600|||c. 1780|||[[Pavia]]||Viale Matteotti||n.d.||77||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Celtis australis]]''||''[[Bagolaro]]''||25||430|||c. 1848|||[[Pavia]]||Piazza Petrarca||n.d.||77||
|}

== Provincia di Sondrio==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Castagno di Berbenno||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||9||520|||c. 1812|||[[Berbenno]]||Piasci di Berbenno||n.d.||675||
|-
|Ippocastano di Prato Giano||||''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]''||''[[Ippocastano]]''||24||280|||n.d.|||[[Chiavenna]]||Prato Giano||n.d.||333||
|-
|Platano di Prato Giano||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||28||620|||c. 1772|||[[Chiavenna]]||Prato Giano||n.d.||333||
|-
|Castagno di Bedignolo||||''[[Castanea sativa]]''||''[[Castagno]]''||15||1100|||c. 1580|||[[Grosio]]||Bedignolo||n.d.||656||
|-
|Pino di Ciucco||||''[[Pinus cembra]]''||''[[Pino cembro]]''||29||380|||c. 1868|||[[Livigno]]||Bosco Freita – S. Maria – Ciucco||n.d.||1816||
|-
|Abete di Villa Adele||||''[[Picea abies]]''||''[[Abete rosso]]''||22||190|||n.d.|||[[Madesimo]]||Villa Adele||n.d.||1550||
|-
|Platano di Tresenda||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||42||570|||c. 1792|||[[Teglio]]||Tresenda – Piazza Ambrosini||n.d.||851||
|}

== Provincia di Varese==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Denominazione dell'albero<ref name="Nota nome">I nomi che non rimandano ad una voce dedicata all'albero sono etichette attribuite solo a scopo indicativo in mancanza di un nome proprio.</ref>!! Immagine !! Genere e specie !! Nome comune !! Altezza <br />(in m) !! Circonferenza<ref name="Nota circonferenza">Circonferenza misurata ad un'altezza di 1,30 m.</ref> <br />(in cm) !! Data <br />di impianto !! Comune !! Località !! Coordinate !! Altitudine !! Note

|-
|Faggio di Castello||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||22||480|||c. 1828|||[[Azzate]]||Castello||n.d.||332||
|-
|Tiglio di Castello||||''[[Tilia cordata]]''||''[[Tiglio]]''||28||475|||c. 1830|||[[Azzate]]||Castello||n.d.||332||
|-
|Faggio di Barasso||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||16||610|||c. 1776|||[[Barasso]]||Centro abitato||n.d.||401||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sophora japonica]]''||''[[Sofora]]''||12||340|||c. 1884|||[[Besozzo]]||Besozzo Superiore||n.d.||240||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cephalotaxus drupacea]]''||''[[Cefalotasso]]''||10||355|||c. 1878|||[[Besozzo]]||Besozzo Superiore||n.d.||240||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||22||500|||c. 1820|||[[Besozzo]]||Torre di Besozzo Superiore||n.d.||240||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||40||450|||c. 1840|||[[Brezzo di Bedero]]||Punta Lavello||n.d.||352||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sequoia sempervirens]]''||''[[Sequoia sempreverde]]''||30||500|||c. 1820|||[[Brezzo di Bedero]]||Punta Lavello||n.d.||352||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sequoia sempervirens]]''||''[[Sequoia sempreverde]]''||34||400|||c. 1860|||[[Brezzo di Bedero]]||Punta Lavello||n.d.||352||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||35||510|||c. 1816|||[[Brezzo di Bedero]]||Punta Lavello||n.d.||352||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||40||500|||c. 1820|||[[Brezzo di Bedero]]||Punta Lavello||n.d.||352||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Araucaria araucana]]''||''[[Araucaria]]''||18||340|||c. 1884|||[[Cadegliano Viconago]]||Parco Bianchini||n.d.||414||
|-
|Cipresso di Villa Pellini||||''[[Chamaecyparis lawsiniana]]''||''[[Cipresso di Lawson]]''||18||490|||c. 1824|||[[Cadegliano Viconago]]||Villa Pellini||n.d.||414||
|-
|Cedro di Ligurno||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||25||700|||c. 1740|||[[Cantello]]||Ligurno - Villa La Quiete||n.d.||404||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||19||600|||c. 1780|||[[Castello Cabiaglio]]||Rossa||n.d.||514||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Libocedrus decurrens]]''||''[[Libocedro]]''||26||550|||c. 1780|||[[Cocquio Trevisago]]||Contrada Larga||n.d.||291||
|-
|Bagolaro di Cunardo||||''[[Celtis australis]]''||''[[Bagolaro]]''||20||400|||c. 1860|||[[Cunardo]]||Via Vaccarossi||n.d.||450||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Baumann||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||21||570|||c. 1792|||[[Gavirate]]||Trinità - Villa Baumann||n.d.||261||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||18||960|||c. 1636|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Faggio di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||15||460|||c. 1836|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Libocedro di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Libocedrus decurrens]]''||''[[Libocedro]]''||25||360|||c. 1836|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Quercia di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Qurcus rubra]]''||''[[Quercia rossa]]''||22||420|||c. 1852|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Sofora di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Sophora japonica]]''||''[[Sofora]]''||11||290|||n.d.|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Cedro di Villa Cagnola||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Sofora]]''||18||620|||c. 1772|||[[Gazzada Schianno]]||Villa Cagnola||n.d.||368||
|-
|Pioppo di Villa Quassa||||''[[Populus nigra]]''||''[[Pioppo cipressino]]''||27||430|||c. 1848|||[[Ispra]]||Villa Quassa||n.d.||220||
|-
|Farnia di Villa Quassa||||''[[Quercus robur]]''||''[[Farnia]]''||35||405|||c. 1858|||[[Ispra]]||Villa Quassa||n.d.||220||
|-
|Faggio pendulo di Villa Quassa||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio pendulo]]''||16||500|||c. 1820|||[[Ispra]]||Villa Quassa||n.d.||220||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Olea fragrans]]''||''[[Osmanto]]''||10||270|||n.d.|||[[Ispra]]||Barza – Casa Don Guanella||n.d.||220||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cinnamomum camphora]]''||''[[Canforo]]''||17||495|||c. 1822|||[[Laveno-Mombello]]||Cerro (Via Fortino, 90)||n.d.||205||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cupressus sempervirens]]''||''[[Cipresso]]''||32||390|||c. 1864|||[[Laveno-Mombello]]||Cerro (Via Fortino)||n.d.||205||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio rosso]]''||22||350|||c. 1880|||[[Laveno-Mombello]]||Cerro (Via Fortino)||n.d.||205||
|-
|Quercia di Villa Fonte Viva||||''[[Qurcus coccinea]]''||''[[Quercia scarlatta]]''||25||490|||c. 1824|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Rhododendron hibridum]]''||''[[Rododendro ibrido]]''||6||290|||n.d.|||[[Luino]]||Sede della Comunità Montana||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||25||540|||c. 1804|||[[Luino]]||Sede della Comunità Montana||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sequoia sempervirens]]''||''[[Sequoia sempreverde]]''||30||500|||c. 1820|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio pendulo]]''||16||460|||c. 1836|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Pinus silvestris]]''||''[[Pino silvestre]]''||22||380|||c. 1868|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Pinus nigra]]''||''[[Pino larico]]''||40||440|||c. 1844|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Jubaea chilensis]]''||''[[Palma del Cile]]''||10||300|||c. 1900|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]''||''[[Ippocastano]]''||25||460|||c. 1836|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Acer Japonicum]]''||''[[Acero giapponese]]''||10||220|||n.d.|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||23||565|||c. 1794|||[[Luino]]||Viale Dante Alighieri||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Quercus ilex]]''||''[[Leccio]]''||18||460|||c. 1836|||[[Luino]]||Scuola Materna Parrocchiale||n.d.||202||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Tsuga canadensis]]''||''[[Tsuga del Canada]]''||26||380|||c. 1868|||[[Luino]]||Villa Fonte Viva||n.d.||202||
|-
|Sequoia di Villa Riva||||''[[Sequoia sempervirens]]''||''[[Sequoia sempreverde]]''||35||628|||c. 1768|||[[Maccagno]]||Villa Riva||n.d.||210||
|-
|Sequoia di Villa Brosio||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||40||510|||c. 1816|||[[Marchirolo]]||Villa Brosio||n.d.||500||
|-
|Faggio di Villa Sudier||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||25||1000|||c. 1620|||[[Marzio (Italia)|Marzio]]||Villa Sudier||n.d.||728||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Betula pendula]]''||''[[Betulla]]''||12||220|||n.d.|||[[Montegrino Valtravaglia]]||Bedoloni||n.d.||525||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Picea pungens]]''||''[[Picea del Colorado]]''||34||370|||c. 1872|||[[Porto Valtravaglia]]||Parco Hermitage||n.d.||199||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus atlantica]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Atlante]]''||28||670|||c. 1752|||[[Porto Valtravaglia]]||Parco Hermitage||n.d.||199||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||22||460|||c. 1836|||[[Porto Valtravaglia]]||Parco Hermitage||n.d.||199||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||12||480|||c. 1828|||[[Porto Valtravaglia]]||Parco Hermitage||n.d.||199||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Ulmus glabra]]''||''[[Olmo montano]]''||25||440|||c. 1844|||[[Sesto Calende]]||Via dell'Olmo||n.d.||198||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||30||690|||c. 1744|||[[Somma Lombardo]]||Castello Visconteo||n.d.||300||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Thuja occidentalis]]''||''[[Tuia occidentale]]''||23||490|||c. 1824|||[[Somma Lombardo]]||Castello Visconteo||n.d.||300||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Liquidambar styraciflua]]''||''[[Liquidambar]]''||28||415|||c. 1854|||[[Somma Lombardo]]||Castello Visconteo||n.d.||300||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Libocedrus decurrens]]''||''[[Libocedro]]''||35||430|||c. 1848|||[[Somma Lombardo]]||Castello Visconteo||n.d.||300||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Magnolia grandiflora]]''||''[[Magnolia]]''||15||380|||c. 1868|||[[Varano Borghi]]||Villa Borghi||n.d.||281||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio tricolore]]''||22||380|||c. 1868|||[[Varano Borghi]]||Villa Borghi||n.d.||281||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cupressus cashmeriana Royle]]''||''[[Cipresso del Kashmir]]''||30||540|||c. 1804|||[[Varese]]||Villa Mirabello||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Arbutus unedo]]''||''[[Corbezzolo]]''||7||480|||c. 1828|||[[Varese]]||Villa Panza||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Sequoia gigantea]]''||''[[Sequoia gigante]]''||30||520|||c. 1812|||[[Varese]]||Velate||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||28||1130|||c. 1568|||[[Varese]]||Villa Mirabello||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Platanus orientalis]]''||''[[Platano orientale]]''||32||570|||c. 1792|||[[Varese]]||Villa Mirabello||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||29||680|||c. 1748|||[[Varese]]||[[Ville Ponti]]||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus deodara]]''||''[[Cedro dell'Himalaya]]''||30||560|||c. 1796|||[[Varese]]||[[Ville Ponti]]||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Quercus cerris]]''||''[[Cerro]]''||32||470|||c. 1832|||[[Varese]]||Villa Panza||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio]]''||20||535|||c. 1806|||[[Varese]]||Villa Panza||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Fagus sylvatica]]''||''[[Faggio pendulo]]''||25||470|||c. 1832|||[[Varese]]||[[Ville Ponti]]||n.d.||382||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||35||600|||c. 1780|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Tsuga canadensis]]''||''[[Tsuga del Canada]]''||35||420|||c. 1852|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Qurcus coccinea]]''||''[[Quercia scarlatta]]''||30||400|||c. 1860|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Qurcus castaneaefolia]]''||''[[Quercia del Caucaso]]''||20||340|||c. 1884|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Magnolia Grandiflora]]''||''[[Magnolia]]''||10||400|||c. 1860|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Liquidambar styraciflua]]''||''[[Liquidambar]]''||40||380|||c. 1868|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cupressus lusitanica]]''||''[[Cipresso messicano]]''||15||530|||c. 1808|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||40||650|||c. 1760|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Cedrus libani]]''||''[[Cedro del Libano]]''||40||740|||c. 1724|||[[Venegono Superiore]]||Villa Caproni di Taliedo||n.d.||331||
|-
|n.d.||||''[[Populus nigra]]''||''[[Pioppo nero]]''||n.d.||700|||c. 1740|||[[Vizzola Ticino]]||Villa Caproni (Villa Malpensa)||n.d.||200||
|}

==Note==
<references/>

== Collegamenti esterni ==
*



[[Categoria:Alberi monumentali della Lombardia| ]]

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تقنيات نامبودريباد لإزالة الحساسية

新規更新されました。 May 07, 2020 at 02:13AM
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تقنيات نامبودريباد لإزالة الحساسية
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Otto Gerig

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Otto Gerig
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Panzer-Brigade 107

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Panzer-Brigade 107
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Finales NBA 2003

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Finales NBA 2003
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Liste der Monuments historiques in Bergholtzzell

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Liste der Monuments historiques in Bergholtzzell
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Blade Runner Black Out 2022

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Blade Runner Black Out 2022
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Waymad-Beatz (EP Blackout)

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Waymad-Beatz (EP Blackout)
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意味調べるLista de deputados estaduais do Amazonas da 6.ª legislatura

新規更新May 07, 2020 at 01:34AM
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Lista de deputados estaduais do Amazonas da 6.ª legislatura


Aurino Rahal Fernandes:


Essa é uma lista de deputados estaduais do Amazonas eleitos para o período 1967-1971.<ref></ref> Foram 30 eleitos.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Deputados por ordem alfabética
!Partido
!Votação
|-
|ALFREDO AUGUSTO PEREIRA CAMPOS - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1304
|-
|ÁLVARO MARANHÃO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1494
|-
|ANFREMON D'AMAZONAS MONTEIRO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1628
|-
|AUGUSTO PESSOA MONTENEGRO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1564
|-
|DANILO DE AGUIAR CORRÊA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|2126
|-
|DARCY AUGUSTO MICHILES - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1345
|-
|FRANCISCO DORVAL VIEIRA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1841
|-
|FRANCISCO GUEDES DE QUEIROZ - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|2791
|-
|HOMERO MIRANDA LEÃO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1380
|-
|ISMAEL BENIGNO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|957
|-
|JOÃO BOSCO RAMOS DE LIMA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1250
|-
|JOÃO DOS SANTOS BRAGA JÚNIOR - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1408
|-
|JOÃO VALÉRIO DE OLIVEIRA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1111
|-
|JOSÉ AUSTREGÉSILO MENDES - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1931
|-
|JOSÉ BELO FERREIRA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1264
|-
|JOSÉ CIDADE DE OLIVEIRA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1986
|-
|JÚLIO FURTADO BELÉM - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1182
|-
|LÉA ALENCAR ANTONY - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1356
|-
|MANUEL JOSÉ DE ANDRADE NETO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1199
|-
|MARIO SILVA D'ALMEIDA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|992
|-
|NATANAEL BENTO RODRIGUES - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|1528
|-
|OSVALDO TENNYSON CHAVES MONTEIRO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1959
|-
|RAFAEL FARACO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|2642
|-
|RENATO DE SOUZA PINTO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|MDB
|892
|-
|ROSSINI BARBOSA LIMA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1141
|-
|SERGIO PESSOA NETO - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1807
|-
|THEOMARIO PINTO DA COSTA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1126
|-
|TUPINAMBÁ DE PAULA E SOUZA - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1484
|-
|VINICIUS MONTECONRADO GOMES - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1414
|-
|WILSON PAULA DE SÁ - DEPUTADO ESTADUAL
|ARENA
|1400
|}



[[Categoria:Deputados estaduais do Amazonas|1967-71]]
[[Categoria:Listas de deputados estaduais do Amazonas‎|1967-71]]
[[Categoria:Políticos do Amazonas]]
[[Categoria:Política do Amazonas]]
[[Categoria:Assembleia Legislativa do Amazonas]]

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2020年5月6日水曜日

Australia women's national field hockey team results (2001–05)

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意味調べるCristo no Monte das Oliveiras

新規更新May 06, 2020 at 10:51AM
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Cristo no Monte das Oliveiras


Tetraktys:



[[File:Beethoven Heiligenstaedter Testament.jpg|thumb|O Testamento de Heilingenstadt.]]
'''''Cristo no Monte das Oliveiras''''' (no original em alemão, '''''Christus am Ölberge'''''), ''[[opus]]'' 85, é um [[oratório]] composto por [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] para solistas vocais, coro e orquestra.

A composição iniciou em novembro de 1802 e terminou na primavera de 1803. Seu [[libreto]], elaborado pelo poeta [[Franz Xaver Huber]], narra as angústias de [[Jesus]] no [[Jardim das Oliveiras]] antes da sua prisão e [[crucificação]].<ref name="Jander"/> Foi estreado no [[Theater an der Wien]] em 5 de abril de 1803 e revisado para uma segunda apresentação em 27 de março de 1804.<ref>Albrecht, Theodore. ''Letters to Beethoven and Other Correspondence: 1824-1828''. University of Nebraska Press, 1996, p. 177</ref> Uma segunda revisão ocorreu para publicação da obra pela editora [[Breitkopf & Härtel]] em 1811.<ref>Forbes, Elliot. ''Thayer's Life of Beethoven''. Princeton University Press, 1967, p. 521</ref>

Desde o século XIX a obra tem sido associada ao chamado [[Testamento de Heilingenstadt]], uma carta datada de 6 de outubro de 1802 e endereçada aos seus irmãos [[Kaspar Anton Carl van Beethoven|Kaspar]] e [[Nicolaus Johann van Beethoven|Nicolaus]], onde o artista, aflito com a progressão da sua surdez, manifesta ter tido intenção de por um fim à própria vida, mas acaba por decidir enfrentar o desafio e superá-lo através da arte, cumprindo o seu destino.<ref name="Jander">Jander, Owen. "Echoes of the Heiligenstadt testament in Christ on the Mount of Olives". In: ''The Beethoven Journal'', 2007; 22-23: 17-18</ref> O tema do oratório parece ter sido escolhido pela identificação de Beethoven com o [[Cristo]] sofredor. Barry Cooper disse que o oratório "é altamente significativo em termos de desenvolvimento espiritual, pois ele corporifica muitas das mesmas emoções de terror, isolamento, luta, medo da morte, amor pela humanidade, desejo de bondade e triunfo final que já eram aparentes em suas cartas para Wegler e Amenda e no Testamento de Heilingenstadt. <ref name="Cooper"/>

Segundo [[Maynard Solomon]], o oratório se insere em uma sequência de composições cujo tema central é a morte de um herói, um componente importante no vocabulário musical do artista e muito presente na música associadas à [[Revolução Francesa]]. Este ciclo temático inclui a ''Cantata para a morte do imperador José II''; um movimento da sonata para piano op. 26 intitulado "Marcha funeral sobre a morte de um herói"; a [[Sinfonia n.º 3 (Beethoven)|sinfonia nº 3 ''Heroica'']], composta "para celebrar a memória de um grande homem", a ópera ''[[Fidelio]]'' e a música de cena para a tragédia ''[[Egmont]]'' de [[Goethe]]. O tema da morte aparece em vários outros trabalhos.<ref>Solomon, Maynard. ''Beethoven''. Schirmer, 2012</ref>

A recepção inicial foi mista. Uma resenha no ''Zeitung für die Elegante Welt'' apreciou o geral da composição e elogiou algumas passagens chamando-as de "admiráveis", especialmente a [[ária]] do Serafim, que produzia "excelente efeito", mas outra resenha na ''Freymüthige Blätter'' considerou-o artificial e carente de expressividade.<ref>Forbes, p. 330</ref> O próprio autor, anos depois de compô-lo, parecia sentir-se embaraçado com ele, e precisou defendê-lo ao propô-lo para a publicação em 1811 desculpando-se pela sua juventude e pela pressa com que foi escrito, dizendo que se fosse escrever outro o faria de madeira muito diferente. Beethoven, com efeito, tinha pouca experiência com peças vocais de amplas proporções.<ref name="Lockwood"/> Segundo o relato de seu amigo e biógrafo [[Anton Felix Schindler]], muitos anos depois Beethoven ainda se culparia por ter tratado o Cristo com excessiva teatralidade.<ref>"Beethoven's 'Engedi' and Mendelssohn's 'Lobgesang', performed 6th March". ''Morning Chronicle'', 09/03/1844</ref> Mas audições seguintes tiveram boa receptividade. Uma apresentação em Milão em 1824 desencadeou "grande sensação", segundo notícia no jornal londrino ''The Harmonicon'',<ref>"Review of Music: Milan". ''The Harmonicon'', nov/1824</ref> e na década de 1840 nos Estados Unidos foi chamado de "sublime",<ref>"Moscheles' Life of Beethoven". In: ''North American Review'', 1841 (CXIII)</ref> e peça de "alta inspiração".<ref>"Biography. Beethoven". In: ''The Musical Magazine'', 10/10/1840</ref>

O oratório nunca se tornou realmente popular e ainda desencadeia reações divergentes. Para alguns críticos seu nível estético não se compara ao das suas composições mais famosas. Lewis Lockwood, por exemplo, considera-o em geral competente mas um tanto convencional e pouco imaginativo.<ref name="Lockwood">Lockwood, Lewis. ''Beethoven: The Music and the Life''. pp. 269-270 </ref> Para Jan Caeyers, o sucesso relativamente pequeno do oratório em seu tempo se deve em parte a uma ausência de grandes modelos formais em sua geração em que Beethoven pudesse se inspirar para desenvolver o tema, e também ao tratamento operístico de alguns trechos, considerados indecorosos por parte do público, mas que hoje contribuem para aumentar seu interesse.<ref>Caeyers, Jan. ''Beethoven – Der einsame Revolutionär''. Beck, 2013, pp. 309–313</ref> Na leitura de Cooper, essa mesma ausência de modelos empresta à obra um especial relevo como uma composição profundamente inovadora, movendo-se muito para além do legado deixado por [[Haydn]] e [[Mozart]], além de ser significativa também pelas associações com seu drama pessoal e por oferecer um testemunho importante de um processo de mudança de rumos em seu estilo compositivo e em suas aspirações artísticas.<ref name="Cooper">Cooper, Barry. ''Beethoven''. Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 131-132 </ref> Segundo Calvin Stapert o oratório tem sido considerado um retrato da [[Paixão de Cristo]] muito mais humano que aquele pintado em outras paixões, como as de [[Bach]].<ref>Stapert, Calvin. "Images of Christ in Post-Enlightenment Oratorios". In: ''The Oxford Handbook of Christology''. Oxford University Press, 2015, p. 465</ref>



[[Categoria:Composições de Ludwig van Beethoven]]
[[Categoria:Oratórios]]

[[en:Christ on the Mount of Olives (Beethoven)]]

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ゼーヴェレン川

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Норашен (Араратская область)

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Норашен (Араратская область)
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Matteo peccol

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Matteo peccol
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Bộ quy

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Bộ quy
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Bộ dược

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Bộ dược
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Maple hills

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Maple hills
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Liste der spanischen Abgeordneten zum EU-Parlament (1994–1999)

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Liste der spanischen Abgeordneten zum EU-Parlament (1994–1999)
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List des prefixes d'appels internationaux

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List des prefixes d'appels internationaux
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Эллендейл (Орегон)

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Эллендейл (Орегон)
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Иоанн (Мециану)

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Иоанн (Мециану)
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Utilizzatori del Boeing 737

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Utilizzatori del Boeing 737
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ローテグリュッツェ

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ローテグリュッツェ
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2020年5月5日火曜日

眾安銀行

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眾安銀行
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熱砂の舞 (1926年の映画)

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熱砂の舞 (1926年の映画)
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Jericho Brown

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Jericho Brown
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Chu Công Cương

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Chu Công Cương
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John W. Frederick Jr.

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John W. Frederick Jr.
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Дмитриевка (Васильевское сельское поселение)

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Дмитриевка (Васильевское сельское поселение)
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Coupe de France de rugby à XIII 1960

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Coupe de France de rugby à XIII 1960
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Wenzislaw Metodiew Mutaftschijski

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Wenzislaw Metodiew Mutaftschijski
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The Bank Job

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The Bank Job
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Эола (Орегон)

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Эола (Орегон)
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2020年5月4日月曜日

Affonso da Franca

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Affonso da Franca
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Matheus Lima

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Matheus Lima
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A New Dawn For The Dead

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A New Dawn For The Dead
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Antoine Bussy

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Antoine Bussy
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Karl Emanuel von Savoyen-Carignan

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Karl Emanuel von Savoyen-Carignan
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意味調べるPolitical positions of Kamala Harris

新規更新May 04, 2020 at 12:46PM
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Political positions of Kamala Harris


Informant16: ←Created page with ' The '''political positions of Kamala Harris''' are reflected by her United States Senate voting record, public speeches, and intervi...'



The '''political positions of Kamala Harris''' are reflected by her [[United States Senate]] voting record, public speeches, and interviews. [[Kamala Harris]] is a [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] senator from [[California]] who has served since 2017.
== Social issues ==
===Abortion===
[[File:Kamala Harris meeting with advocates from Planned Parenthood Action Fund C53hx uU8AIwn t (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Planned Parenthood|Planned Parenthood Action Fund]], 2017]]
In 2013, when she was California Attorney General, Harris allowed the Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian to cease the availability of elective abortions, after it entered a partnership with Catholic chain, St. Joseph Health System.<ref name=Hoag></ref> As the Attorney General, Harris had legal authority to decide on any such change, as a condition of her approving a major transaction involving any non-profit medical institution in the state.<ref name=Hoag/> Harris set conditions on the ban, which would not be able to go into affect without her knowledge or approval, requiring the hospital to "take steps to ensure that alternative providers are available and accessible to all women, especially low-income women for direct abortions" in the hospital's serviceable area.<ref name=Hoag/>Critics voiced concern that by imposing Catholic doctrine on its operations, St. Joseph was reducing the availability of reproductive services while receiving millions of dollars from taxpayers through Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements and a legal status that allowed it to be tax-exempt while taking tax deductions.<ref name=Hoag/>

In September 2016, Governor Jerry Brown signed "Assembly Bill 1671" into law, which was reportedly drafted by Harris, with input from Planned Parenthoodwhich sponsored the billmaking it a criminal offense to intentionally distribute, or to help with the dissemination of, unlawfully obtained confidential communications.<ref name=Criminalize></ref><ref name=AB1671></ref>

Since her election to the Senate, Harris has maintained a 100% rating by the abortion rights [[advocacy group]], [[Planned Parenthood Action Fund]], and a 0% rating by the anti-abortion group, [[National Right to Life Committee]].<ref></ref> She was also endorsed by [[Emily's List]] in 2015 during her Senatorial Campaign.<ref name=Emily></ref>

===Campaign finance===
[[File:Kamala Harris (48217605397).jpg|thumb|right|Des Moines, Iowa 2019]]
Harris's 2020 campaign has disavowed most corporate donations, and has committed to rejecting money from corporate political action committees for her presidential campaign, in favor of relying on small and large individual donors.<ref name="Herndon 2019"/><ref name="Reuters 2019"/><ref></ref>

Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>}}

However, in April 2019, after the [[Federal Election Commission|FEC]] released donation information, Harris was found to have accepted more donations from registered lobbyists among all the Democratic Presidential Nominees who vowed to not do so,<ref name=Accepted/> receiving such donations from federal, state, municipal and corporate lobbyists who represent entities such as [[Verizon]], [[Airbnb]], [[AT&T]], [[Novartis]], [[Visa Inc.|Visa]], [[Pfizer]], [[Cigna]], [[IBM]], [[Google]], along with lobbyists that represent industries such as [[charter school]]s, construction, and real estate.<ref name=Accepted/>

Harris, along with candidates [[Cory Booker]], [[Julian Castro]], [[Tulsi Gabbard]], [[Kirsten Gillibrand]], [[Amy Klobuchar]], [[Bernie Sanders]], [[Elizabeth Warren]], and [[Marianne Williamson]], has explicitly discouraged single-candidate super PACs from operating on her behalf, though she cannot prevent them from doing so.<ref></ref>

In the first quarter of 2019, nearly 40% of Harris's donations came from small donors (donations of less than $200), while over 60% of her donations came from large donors (donations of $200 or more).<ref></ref>

=== Cannabis ===
Harris did not initially support the legalization of recreational marijuana, but later moved to support legalization.<ref name="Herndon 2019"></ref> In 2010, while campaigning for Attorney General of California, she opposed [[2010 California Proposition 19|Proposition 19]], the first failed attempt to legalize recreational marijuana in California, on the grounds that selling drugs harms communities.<ref></ref> In 2015, she called for an end on the federal prohibition of medical marijuana.<ref></ref>

In April 2018, following reports that the Justice Department was blocking the [[Drug Enforcement Administration]] from taking action on over two dozen requests to grow marijuana for use in research, Harris and Republican [[Orrin Hatch]] sent a letter to Attorney General [[Jeff Sessions]] on the necessity of marijuana research "for evidence-based decision making" and "to resolve critical questions of public health and safety, such as learning the impacts of marijuana on developing brains and formulating methods to test marijuana impairment in drivers."<ref></ref>

In May 2018, Harris announced she would co-sponsor the [[Marijuana Justice Act]] (originally introduced by Senator [[Cory Booker]] in August 2017) which would legalize cannabis at the federal level by removing it from the [[Controlled Substance Act]]. The bill would also require federal courts to automatically expunge earlier federal marijuana convictions related to use or possession and would penalize states that enforce cannabis laws in a disproportionate manner against minority or low-income individuals.<ref></ref><ref></ref>

In July 2019, Harris and Representative [[Jerry Nadler]] introduced the [[MORE Act|Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act]] of 2019, legislation that would legalize marijuana on the federal level in addition to expunging low-level marijuana possession convictions and authorizing grants to members of communities of color as part of an effort to reverse decades of damage cannabis criminalization had inflicted to those respective communities. In a statement, Harris cited the need to regulate marijuana and ensuring "everyone — especially communities of color that have been disproportionately impacted by the War on Drugs — has a real opportunity to participate in this growing industry."<ref></ref>

===Death penalty===
[[File:Oct. 14 Press Conference (37654158466).jpg|thumb|Harris with Senator [[Dianne Feinstein]] and Governor [[Jerry Brown]], 2017]]
Harris is opposed to the [[capital punishment in the United States|death penalty]], but has said that she would review each case individually.<ref name="sfbg.com"></ref> Her position was questioned in April 2004, when San Francisco Police Department Officer Isaac Espinoza was murdered in the Bayview district. She announced that she would not seek the death penalty for David Hill, the man accused of his killing. The decision evoked protests from the [[San Francisco Police Officers Association]], Senator [[Dianne Feinstein]], and others.<ref name=NYTmag></ref>

When in 2014, U.S. District Judge [[Cormac J. Carney]] declared [[capital punishment in California]] unconstitutional, Harris appealed the case.<ref name=NYTmag/>

On July 31, 2019, following Attorney General [[William Barr]] announcing that the United States federal government would resume the use of the death penalty for the first time in over twenty years, Harris was a cosponsor of a bill banning the death penalty.<ref></ref>

=== Disaster relief ===
In August 2018, Harris was one of eight senators to sign a letter to the [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] charging the agency with not assisting displaced homeowners in Puerto Rico in the aftermath of [[Hurricane Maria]] under the [[Individuals and Households program]] (IHP) at "alarming rates."<ref></ref>
=== Economics ===
In April 2020, during the [[2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States]], Harris was a cosponsor of the All Dependents Count Act, legislation that expand eligibility for the $500 credit under the CARES Act in order for a taxpayer to receive a $500 credit for all dependents they care for.<ref></ref>

On April 10, 2020, Harris and Senator [[Elizabeth Warren]] introduced the Price Gouging Prevention Act, a bill that would empower the [[Federal Trade Commission]] to enforce a ban on excessive price increases of consumer goods amid national emergencies and specifically consider any price increase above 10% to be price gouging during such a declaration.<ref></ref>

In April 2020, Harris, along with Senator [[Sherrod Brown]] and Representatives [[Ayanna Pressley]] and [[Gregory Meeks]], sent a letter to the Small Business Administration and Treasury Department requesting that the aforementioned agencies move to ensure minority-owned businesses remain under the Paycheck Protection Program and called for the Trump administration revise guidance on the program in order to reaffirm lending institutions comply with fair lending laws and mandate that they report the demographics of program lending.<ref></ref>
===Education===
[[File:Malala Yousafzai with Kamala Harris.jpg|thumb|upright|Harris and [[Malala Yousafzai]], Pakistani activist for [[female education]] and [[Nobel Prize]] laureate.]]
Harris has argued for treating "habitual and chronic [[truancy]]" among children in elementary school as a crime committed by the parents of truant children.<ref></ref> She argues that there is a direct connection between habitual truancy in elementary school and crime later in life.<ref></ref><ref></ref> She has received the endorsement of the California Federation of Teachers.<ref name="Endorsements">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>

Harris opposed California's [[1996 California Proposition 209|ban on affirmative action]].<ref></ref> She asked the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] to "reaffirm its decision that public colleges and universities may consider race as one factor in admissions decisions."<ref name="utexas"></ref><ref></ref> Harris filed legal papers in the Supreme Court case supporting race as an admissions factor at the [[University of Texas]].<ref name="utexas"/> She also filed papers supporting [[Affirmative action in the United States|affirmative action]] in a different Supreme Court case involving the [[University of Michigan]].<ref></ref>

Harris supports [[Desegregation busing|busing]] for desegregation of public schools, saying that "the schools of America are as [[Racial segregation in the United States|segregated]], if not more segregated, today than when I was in elementary school."<ref></ref> Harris views busing as an option to be considered by school districts, rather than the responsibility of the federal government.<ref></ref>

=== Election security ===
On December 21, 2017, Harris was one of six senators to introduce the "Secure Elections Act", legislation authorizing [[block grants]] for states that would update outdated voting technology. The act would also create a program for an independent panel of experts to develop [[cybersecurity]] guidelines for election systems that states could adopt if they choose, along with offering states resources to implement the recommendations.<ref></ref>

In May 2019, Harris was a cosponsor of the Protecting American Votes and Elections (PAVE) Act, legislation granting the [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] the authority "to set minimum cybersecurity standards for U.S. voting machines, authorize a one-time $500 million grant program for states to buy ballot-scanning machines to count paper ballots and require states to conduct risk-limiting audits of all federal elections in order to detect any cyber hacks."<ref></ref>

===Environment===
[[File:Kamala Harris at the Sorek Desalination Plant in Rishon Lezion, Israel 24830054958 bcc85e4624 h.jpg|thumb|right|Sorek [[Desalination]] Plant in Israel, 2017]]
During her time as San Francisco District Attorney, Harris created the Environmental Justice Unit in the San Francisco District Attorney's Office<ref></ref> and prosecuted several industries and individuals for pollution, most notably [[U-Haul]], Alameda Publishing Corporation, and the [[Cosco Busan oil spill]]. She also advocated for strong enforcement of environmental protection laws.<ref></ref>

In October 2017, Harris was one of nineteen senators to sign a letter to [[Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency]] [[Scott Pruitt]] questioning Pruitt's decision to repeal the [[Clean Power Plan]], asserting that the repeal's proposal used "mathematical sleights of hand to over-state the costs of industry compliance with the 2015 Rule and understate the benefits that will be lost if the 2017 repeal is finalized" and science denying and math fabricating would fail to "satisfy the requirements of the law, nor will it slow the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, the inexorable rise in sea levels, or the other dire effects of global warming that our planet is already experiencing."<ref></ref>

In September 2018, Harris was one of eight senators to sponsor the Climate Risk Disclosure Act, a bill described by cosponsor [[Elizabeth Warren]] as using "market forces to speed up the transition from fossil fuels to cleaner energy&nbsp;– reducing the odds of an environmental and financial disaster without spending a dime of taxpayer money."<ref></ref> She stated that her goal would be achieving 100% of U.S. electricity from renewable energy sources, and that she supports a [[Green New Deal]], an idea made popular by first term Congresswoman [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], because "climate change is an existential threat to all of us."<ref></ref>

In November 2018, Harris was one of 25 Democratic senators to cosponsor a resolution specifying key findings of the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change report and National Climate Assessment. The resolution affirmed the senators' acceptance of the findings and their support for bold action toward addressing climate change.<ref></ref>

On July 29, 2019, Harris and Ocasio-Cortez introduced the Climate Equity Act, a bill that would lay out steps for Congress and the White House on how to go about guaranteeing policies that composed "a future Green New Deal protect the health and economic wellbeing of all Americans for generations to come." Referring to climate change as "an existential threat", Harris noted cutting emissions and ending American reliance on fossil fuels were not enough and cited the need "that communities already contending with unsafe drinking water, toxic air, and lack of economic opportunity are not left behind."<ref></ref>

On September 4, 2019, Harris unveiled a $10 trillion climate change plan intended to move the United States to a 100 percent renewable energy-based power grid by 2030 in addition to transitioning all vehicles in America to the same energy sources by 2035. She pledged to rejoin the [[Paris Agreement]] and end U.S. support for international oil and natural gas extraction projects, furthering that as president she would "hold polluters accountable for the damage they inflict upon our environment and set us on a path to a 100 percent clean economy that creates millions of good-paying jobs."<ref></ref>

===Guns===
[[File:Attorney General Kamala D. Harris Announces Seizure of 1,200 Guns in Statewide Sweep.jpg|thumb|Announcing seizure of 1,200 guns across California, 2011]]
Harris earned an "F" rating from the [[National Rifle Association]] for her consistent efforts supporting gun control.<ref name="NRARating17"></ref>
While serving as district attorney in San Francisco Harris, along with other district attorneys, filed an [[amicus brief]] in ''[[District of Columbia v. Heller]]'' arguing that the Washington, D.C. gun law at issue did not violate the [[Second Amendment to the United States Constitution|Second Amendment]].<ref></ref> In her second term as district attorney, she said that getting guns off the streets was a priority.<ref></ref>

During her run for Senate, Harris was endorsed by former U.S. Representative [[Gabby Giffords]], who had been shot in [[2011 Tucson shooting|Tucson in 2011]]. She was also endorsed by the [[Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence]].<ref name="PanzarWillon"></ref>

In response to the [[2017 Las Vegas shooting]], Harris supported the call for more gun control. Saying that she believed that [[thoughts and prayers]] are inadequate answers to the shooting, she stated that "...we must also commit ourselves to action. Another moment of silence won't suffice."<ref name="Alcántara"></ref>

Speaking to [[Wolf Blitzer]] in August 2019, Harris stated that congressional action on gun control rested in the hands of Senate Majority Leader [[Mitch McConnell]] and that she "would hope and pray that he understands that he actually has the power to do the right thing here and that he will do the right thing."<ref></ref>

On August 14, 2019, Harris unveiled a plan that would address domestic terrorism while prioritizing increasing the difficulty for suspected individuals to either obtain or keep firearms through the formation of domestic terrorism prevention orders meant to empower law enforcement officers and family members with the ability to petition federal court for a temporary restriction on a person's access to firearms in the event that they "exhibit clear evidence of dangerousness." Harris stated that in the US "loaded guns should not be a few clicks away for any domestic terrorist with a laptop or smartphone" and cited the "need to take action to keep guns out of the hands of dangerous people and stop violent, hate-fueled attacks before they happen."<ref></ref>

Harris owns a gun for "personal safety", as she was a career prosecutor.<ref></ref>

=== Health care ===
On August 30, 2017, Harris announced at a town hall in Oakland that she would co-sponsor fellow Senator [[Bernie Sanders]]' "Medicare for All" bill, supporting [[single-payer healthcare]].<ref></ref><ref name="Herndon 2019"/>

In April 2018, Harris was one of ten senators to sponsor the Choose Medicare Act, an expanded public option for health insurance that also increased ObamaCare subsidies and rendered individuals with higher income levels eligible for its assistance.<ref></ref>

In December 2018, Harris was one of 42 senators to sign a letter to Trump administration officials [[Alex Azar]], [[Seema Verma]], and [[Steve Mnuchin]] arguing that the administration was improperly using Section 1332 of the Affordable Care Act to authorize states to "increase health care costs for millions of consumers while weakening protections for individuals with pre-existing conditions." The senators requested the administration withdraw the policy and "re-engage with stakeholders, states, and Congress."<ref></ref>

On July 29, 2019, Harris unveiled a health plan that would expand coverage while preserving a role for private insurance companies, the plan calling for transitioning to a Medicare for All system over a period of ten years that would be concurrent with infants and the uninsured automatically being placed into the system while other individuals would have the option to buy into the health care plan backed by the government.<ref></ref> The plan has been met with some criticism from both Democrats and Republicans.<ref></ref>

In April 2020, Harris was one of twenty-eight Democratic senators to sign a letter to the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services]] urging the department to reopen the online marketplace of the Affordable Care Act as to assist uninsured Americans with acquiring health insurance amid the coronavirus pandemic, opining that opening the marketplace "would provide an easy pathway to coverage for those who under previous circumstances may have decided to forego health insurance or purchase a substandard, junk insurance plan, but now in a global pandemic are in vital need of comprehensive coverage to protect themselves, their families, and our broader community."<ref></ref>
=== Immigration ===
[[File:Kamala Harris (36670903290).jpg|thumb|right|Harris speaking in support of DACA in September 2017]]
[[File:Meeting with Dreamers 12-21-17 39176110212 78be0e7a32 h (cropped).jpg|thumb|Meeting with DREAMers in December 2017]]
Harris has expressed support for San Francisco's [[sanctuary city]] policy of not inquiring about immigration status in the process of a criminal investigation.<ref></ref> She argued that it is important that immigrants be able to talk with law enforcement without fear.<ref></ref>

On October 25, 2017, Harris stated she would not support a spending bill until Congress addressed the [[Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals]] program in a way that clarified "what we are going to do to protect and take care of our DACA young people in this country."<ref></ref> She did not support a February 2018 proposal by some Democrats to provide President Trump with $25 billion in funding for a border wall in exchange for giving DREAMers a pathway to citizenship.<ref></ref>

In a January 2018 interview, when asked by Hiram Soto about her ideal version of a bipartisan deal on the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, Harris stated the need to focus on comprehensive immigration reform and "pass a clean [[DREAM Act]]."<ref></ref>

In January 2018, Harris and three other Democratic senators were cosponsors of the Border and Port Security Act, legislation that would mandate U.S. Customs and Border Protection "hire, train and assign at least 500 officers per year until the number of needed positions the model identifies is filled" in addition to requiring the commissioner of the Customs and Border Protection to determine potential equipment and infrastructure improvements that could be used for ports of entry.<ref></ref>

In April 2018, Harris was one of five senators to send a letter to acting director of ICE [[Thomas Homan]] on standards used by the agency when determining how to detain a pregnant woman, requesting that pregnant women not be held in custody unless under extraordinary standards after reports "that ICE has failed to provide critical medical care to pregnant women in immigration detentionresulting in miscarriages and other negative health outcomes".<ref></ref>
[[File:Attorney General Harris Tours U.S.-Mexico Border N2063 border 1.jpg|thumb|right|Harris Tours U.S.-Mexico Border, 2011]]
In July 2018, the [[Presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]] falsely accused Harris of "supporting the animals of [[MS-13]]."<ref name=":7"></ref><ref name=":8"></ref> She responded, "As a career prosecutor, I actually went after gangs and transnational criminal organizations. That's being a leader on public safety. What is not, is ripping babies from their mothers."<ref name=":7" />

In July 2018, Harris was one of 22 senators to sponsor the Stop Shackling and Detaining Pregnant Women Act, which if enacted would prohibit immigration officers from detaining pregnant women in a majority of circumstances and improve conditions of care for individuals in custody.<ref></ref>

[[File:U.S. Sen. Kamala Harris speaks at L.A.'s Families Belong Together March.jpg|thumb|Harris speaking at L.A.'s [[Families Belong Together]] protest in June 2018]]
In August 2018, Harris led fifteen Democrats and [[Bernie Sanders]] in a letter to [[United States Secretary of Homeland Security]] [[Kirstjen Nielsen]] demanding that the Trump administration take immediate action in attempting to reunite 539 migrant children with their families, citing each passing day of inaction as intensifying "trauma that this administration has needlessly caused for children and their families seeking humanitarian protection."<ref></ref>

In November 2018, Harris was one of eleven senators to sign a letter to [[United States Secretary of Defense]] [[James Mattis]] concerning "the overt politicization of the military" with the Trump administration's deployment of 5,800 troops to the U.S.–Mexico border, and requesting a briefing and written justification from the U.S. Northern Command for troop deployment, while urging Mattis to "curb the unprecedented escalation of DOD involvement in immigration enforcement."<ref></ref>

In January 2019, Harris was one of twenty senators to sponsor the Dreamer Confidentiality Act, a bill imposing a ban on the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) from passing information collected on DACA recipients to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Customs and Border Protection (CBP), the Department of Justice, or any other law enforcement agency with exceptions in the case of fraudulent claims, national security issues, or non-immigration related felonies being investigated.<ref></ref>

In June 2019, following the Housing and Urban Development Department's confirmation that DACA recipients did not meet eligibility for federal backed loans, Harris and eleven other senators introduced The Home Ownership Dreamers Act, legislation that mandated that the federal government was not authorized to deny mortgage loans backed by the Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or the Agriculture Department solely due to the immigration status of an applicant.<ref></ref>

In July 2019, along with [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] and [[Amy Klobuchar]], Harris sent a letter to the Office of Refugee Resettlement asserting that the agency "should be prioritizing reunification of every child as soon as possible, but instead it has been responsible for policies that are forcing longer stays in government custody for children" and that it was mandatory that the office "ensure that the custody and processing of [unaccompanied migrant children] is meeting the minimum standards required by domestic and international law."<ref></ref>

In July 2019, Harris and fifteen other Senate Democrats introduced the Protecting Sensitive Locations Act which mandated that ICE agents get approval from a supervisor ahead of engaging in enforcement actions at sensitive locations with the exception of special circumstances and that agents receive annual training in addition to being required to report annually regarding enforcement actions in those locations.<ref></ref>

In August 2019, after the Trump administration released a new regulation imposing the possibility that any green card and visa applicants could be turned down in the event they have low incomes or little education and have used benefits such as food stamps and housing vouchers at some point, Harris referred to the regulation as part of President Trump's ongoing campaign "to vilify a whole group of people" and cited Trump's sending of service members to the southern border and building a border wall as part of his goal to distract "from the fact that he has betrayed so many people and has actually done very little that has been productive in the best interest of American families."<ref></ref>

In April 2020, Harris was a cosponsor of the Coronavirus Immigrant Families Protection Act, legislation which would provide dedicated funding for the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] in its efforts for public outreach in multiple languages to hard-to-reach populations in order to ensure vulnerable communities are granted access to COVID-19 relief measures as well as critical public health information. The bill would also modify immigration policies deterring immigrants from receiving medical care relating to coronavirus.<ref></ref>

In April 2020, Harris, along with fellow California Senator [[Diane Feinstein]] and Representative [[Juan Vargas]], sent a letter to the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General requesting an investigation into the way detainees were treated at the Otay Mesa Detention Center following reports that they were required to sign contracts in order to receive masks, citing that they were "in a public health crisis, and it is our duty to protect the health and safety of every individual, especially those who are in custody and unable to take precautions on their own."<ref></ref>
=== LGBT rights ===
[[File:Kamala Harris (48390414112).jpg|thumb|right|[[San Francisco Pride]], 2019]]
During her tenure as California Attorney General, Harris declined to defend the state's [[Same-sex marriage in California|ban on same-sex marriage]] in court. She supported the Obama administration's guidance supporting transgender students. Following the Supreme Court's overturning of the ban on same-sex marriage, she proceeded to conduct California's first same-sex marriage.<ref></ref> Later on in 2015, she argued in court to withhold gender reassignment surgery from two transgender inmates who were prescribed the procedure while serving the sentences. This stance disappointed some LGBT rights advocates; she later stated that she only took that stance in court because her job required her to do so.<ref name=":10" />

As a member of the U.S. Senate, she co-sponsored the [[Equality Act (United States)|Equality Act]].<ref name=":10">there's just one thing|website=Washington Blade|date=October 25, 2017}}</ref>

In October 2019, Harris participated in a CNN/Human Rights Campaign town hall on the topic of LGBTQ rights, where she pledged her support for "all of the folks who are fighting for equality" in cases that would determine whether gay and transgender people were protected under laws banning federal workplace discrimination.<ref></ref>
=== Medical leave ===
On October 7, 2019, Harris unveiled a six months paid family and medical leave plan that included forming a new Office of Paid Family and Medical Leave that would oversee, determine eligibility and authorize benefit payments. Harris's paid leave program would be funded through general revenue and payroll contributions and establish a federal Bureau of Children and Family Justice. In a statement, Harris said the US will be brought "closer to economic justice for workers and ensures newborn children or children who are sick can get the care they need from a parent without thrusting the family into upheaval" via a six-month paid leave guarantee.<ref></ref>

=== Net neutrality ===
In September 2017, Harris was one of nine senators to sign a letter to [[Federal Communications Commission]] Chairman [[Ajit Pai]] that charged the FCC with failing "to provide stakeholders with an opportunity to comment on the tens of thousands of filed complaints that directly shed light on proposed changes to existing net neutrality protections."<ref></ref>

In March 2018, Harris was one of ten senators to sign a letter spearheaded by [[Jeff Merkley]] lambasting a proposal from FCC Chairman [[Ajit Pai]] that would curb the scope of benefits from the Lifeline program during a period where roughly 6.5 million people in poor communities relied on Lifeline to receive access to high-speed internet, citing that it was Pai's "obligation to the American public, as the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, to improve the Lifeline program and ensure that more Americans can afford access, and have means of access, to broadband and phone service." The senators also advocated for insuring "Lifeline reaches more Americans in need of access to communication services."<ref></ref>

=== Supreme Court ===
In a September 2019 letter to [[United States House Committee on the Judiciary|House Judiciary Committee]] Chairman Jerrold Nadler, Harris called for the creation of a task force to investigate allegations against Associate Justice [[Brett Kavanaugh]] and look into whether Kavanaugh lied to Congress during his testimony the previous year as a Supreme Court nominee.<ref></ref> In October 2019, when asked whether she thought a president undergoing impeachment inquiries should be authorized to nominate Supreme Court justices, Harris replied, "That's a great question. I think he should be put on a timeout across the board."<ref></ref>

=== Taxes ===
Harris opposed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, and has called for a repeal of the bill's tax cuts for wealthy Americans.<ref name=":0"></ref> In 2018, she proposed a tax cut for the majority of working- and middle-class Americans. An analysis by the nonpartisan Tax Policy Center estimated that the bill would reduce federal revenue by $2.8 trillion over a decade. She proposed to pay for the tax cuts by repealing tax cuts for wealthy Americans and by increasing taxes on corporations.<ref name="Reuters 2019"></ref><ref name=":0" /><ref></ref>

=== Trade ===
In May 2019, Harris stated she would not have voted for the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) due to her belief that "we can do a better job to protect American workers" and called for the United States to do "a better job in terms of thinking about the priorities that should be more apparent now than perhaps they were then, which are issues like the climate crisis and what we need to build into these trade agreements."<ref></ref>
In January 2020, she was one of ten senators to vote against the [[USMCA]]<ref></ref>, stating that "by not confronting climate change, the USMCA fails to meet the crises of the moment"<ref></ref>.

=== Voting rights ===
In May 2019, Harris attributed the 2018 gubernatorial losses of [[Stacey Abrams]] and [[Andrew Gillum]], in both [[2018 Georgia gubernatorial election|Georgia]] and [[2018 Florida gubernatorial election|Florida]] to [[voter suppression]].<ref></ref>
=== United States Postal Service ===
In March 2019, Harris was a cosponsor of a bipartisan resolution led by [[Gary Peters]] and [[Jerry Moran]] that opposed privatization of the United States Postal Service (USPS), citing the USPS as an establishment that was self-sustained and noting concerns that a potential privatization could cause higher prices and reduced services for customers of USPS with a particular occurrence in rural communities.<ref></ref>

In April 2020, Harris was one of fourteen senators to sign a letter led by [[Cory Booker]] to Senate Majority Leader [[Mitch McConnell]] and Senate Minority Leader [[Chuck Schumer]] urging them "to provide appropriate funding to the United States Postal Service (USPS) in the next coronavirus package that Congress takes up" as they reasoned that millions of Americans rely on the USPS for essential goods and duties.<ref></ref>
== Foreign policy ==
In April 2017, responding to the [[Khan Shaykhun chemical attack]], Harris charged [[president of Syria|Syrian president]] [[Bashar al-Assad]] with attacking Syrian children, and stated "the clear fact that president Assad is not only a ruthless dictator brutalizing his own people – he is a war criminal the international community cannot ignore." She called on President Trump to work with Congress on his administration's "lack of clear objectives in Syria and articulate a detailed strategy and path forward in partnership with our allies."<ref></ref>

[[File:Kamala Harris speaks with Palestinian students and scholarship recipients at Al-Quds Bard College 37815001925 5c2367b398 h.jpg|thumb|Harris speaks with [[Palestinians|Palestinian]] students at the [[Al-Quds University]] in the [[State of Palestine]], [[West Bank]], 2017]]
In 2017, Harris gave a public address to [[American Israel Public Affairs Committee|AIPAC]] attendees. She said: "I believe Israel should never be a partisan issue, and as long as I'm a United States senator, I will do everything in my power to ensure broad and bipartisan support for Israel's security and right to self-defense."<ref></ref> She has opposed the [[Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions]] movement targeting Israel.<ref name="jta"></ref> She was a co-sponsor of a Senate resolution expressing objection to the [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334|UN Security Council Resolution 2334]], which condemned [[Israeli settlement|Israeli settlement building]] in the occupied [[Palestinian territories]] as a violation of international law.<ref name="JNS News"></ref><ref></ref><ref name="jta"/> At the AIPAC conference, she said that "the first resolution I co-sponsored as a United States senator was to combat anti-Israel bias at the United Nations".<ref name="JNS News"/> She also supported a Senate resolution celebrating the 50th anniversary of the [[reunification of Jerusalem]].<ref></ref><ref></ref> In late 2017, she traveled to Israel, where she met with Israeli Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]].<ref name="JNS News"/>

In October 2017, Harris condemned the [[2017–present Rohingya genocide in Myanmar|genocide]] of the [[Rohingya people|Rohingya Muslim]] minority in [[Myanmar]] and called for a stronger response to the crisis.<ref></ref>

In February 2018, Harris was one of 18 Democratic senators to sign a letter to Trump stating that he lacked the authority to launch a preemptive strike against North Korea without authorization from Congress. The letter stated: "Without congressional authority, a preventative or preemptive U.S. military strike would lack either a constitutional basis or legal authority."<ref></ref>

Harris supported the [[Iran nuclear deal]].<ref name="jta"/> In 2018, after Trump announced the United States was withdrawing from the [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action]], Harris released a statement saying the decision "jeopardizes our national security and isolates us from our closest allies" while calling the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action "the best existing tool we have to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons and avoid a disastrous military conflict in the Middle East."<ref></ref> In late 2018, she voted to withdraw U.S. military aid for [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen|Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen]]. She also backed a resolution blaming Saudi Crown Prince [[Mohammad bin Salman]] for the murder of dissident journalist [[Jamal Khashoggi]] in the Saudi Arabian consulate in Istanbul.<ref></ref>

In December 2018, after [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[Mike Pompeo]] announced the Trump administration was suspending its obligations in the [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]] in 60 days in the event that Russia continued to violate the treaty, she was one of 26 senators to sign a letter expressing concern over the administration "now abandoning generations of bipartisan U.S. leadership around the paired goals of reducing the global role and number of nuclear weapons and ensuring strategic stability with America's nuclear-armed adversaries" and calling on Trump to continue arms negotiations.<ref></ref>

Harris voted in favor of a $675 billion [[Military budget of the United States|defense budget bill]] for 2019.<ref name="press-enterprise"></ref> She said that [[North Korea]] is "one of the most serious security threats".<ref></ref> In February 2019, after former Acting FBI Director [[Andrew McCabe]] claimed that President Trump believed the claims of [[President of Russia]] [[Vladimir Putin]] over U.S. intelligence agencies' reports on the subject of [[North Korea and weapons of mass destruction|North Korea's missile capabilities]], she told reporters, "The idea that the president of the U.S. would take the word of the head of Russia over the intel community is the height of irresponsibility and shameful."<ref></ref> In an August 2019 interview with the Council on Foreign Relations, when asked if she as president would sign an agreement with North Korea granting partial sanctions relief in exchange for some denuclearization, Harris replied that President Trump had given "Kim one PR victory after the next, all without securing any real concessions" and that she would "consider targeted sanctions relief to improve the lives of the North Korean people if the regime were to take serious, verifiable steps to roll back its nuclear program."<ref></ref>

Harris criticized Trump's decision to [[American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War|withdraw U.S. troops from Syria]], which critics say gave [[Turkey]] the green light to launch the [[2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria|military offensive]] against [[Rojava|Syrian Kurds]].<ref></ref>
== References ==



[[Category:Kamala Harris]]
[[Category:Political positions of United States senators]]

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