新規更新December 11, 2019 at 12:52AM
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Gun culture in Albania
Albert Falk: /* History */ clean
'''Gun culture in Albania''' ([[Albanian language|Alb]]. ''Kultura e armeve ne Shqipëri'') is the culture of owning and using fire arms of various types through out Albanian inhabited territories in [[Malësia]], Montenegro, Kosovo<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>, Macedonia and Serbia. Most of the territories where gun culture was common was mountainous, and [[Pastoralism|pastoralist]] and lacked agriculture. This forced the local shepherds to carry fire arms in order to defend cattle and sheep from neighbouring enemies or thieves. Carrying arms was considered important to Albanian national identity and to male honour. There are many proverbs related to gun owning amongst Albanians such as ''"you can kill an Albanian but you cannot make him give up his gun"'' or ''"an Albanian loves his rifle as much as he loves his wife"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In Albanian romanticism, it is common to imagine the shepherd carrying a rifle instead of a staff where the rifle secures the property symbolised by the staff.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In old times, there was a proverb which stated that ''"an Albanian was not born by his mother but by the gun"''. In 1810, European travellers in Greece witnessed that long muskets were common amongst all farmers.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In 1912, no Albanian tribesman was considered whole without his gun.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Generally, as a result of Slav rule, Albanians maintained a proud gun culture.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
== History ==
Albanian highlanders (Alb. malesor) have been carrying fire arms ever since the first musket was introduced to Albanian lands in the 16th century. Carrying a fire arm of this type was considered necessary for self-defence as Albanian inhabited lands were often under pressure from Ottoman, Montenegrin and Serb invasions and attacks. [[Edith Durham]] wrote of [[Gusinje]] during her journeys in the 1879 describing the territory as ''"The Land of Mausers"'' or ''"Lhassa of Europe"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In 1909, Edith described that some Albanians believed that the [[Mauser C96|Mausier]] revolver was harmless and asked her to shoot one of them in the hand.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In Adrianople, the Turks protested against Albanians carrying arms saying ''"Albanians were more expert with the Mauser than with the plow"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> [[Shtjefen Gjecovi]] wrote that ''"an Albanian has no cooking oil for his beans but will find some for his rifle"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> As Ottoman pressure increased, Albanian Tosk and Ghegh chieftains began converting to Islam not out of religious preference but in order to keep their arms and lands.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> During the Greek war independence in Morea, the Albanian's biggest ambitions were to acquire a pair of pistol, a rifle, a yataghan and a dagger which they during the Napolenic war purchased from the French and British gun smiths.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás|Franz Nopcsa]] studied Albanian gun culture amongst the [[Ghegs|Gheghs]] in Northern Albania and noted that there was a correlation between the size of the gun and male honour referring to an example of an Albanian highlander who after hitting his target proceeded to kiss his rifle.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> After the fall of communism, gun factories were closed leading to unemployment.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> He also called the Albanian highlanders "Europe's armed children".<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Michal Mochtak writes that social cleaveges and authoritarianism after the fall of communism in Albania contributed to the intensifying of an Albanian gun culture.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==See also==
* [[Gun ownership]]
* [[History of the firearm]]
* [[Index of gun politics articles]]
* [[Overview of gun laws by nation]]
* [[Albanian muskets]]
* [[History of Albania]]
[[Category:Gun politics]]
[[Category:History of subcultures]]
[[Category:History of Albania]]
== References ==
== History ==
Albanian highlanders (Alb. malesor) have been carrying fire arms ever since the first musket was introduced to Albanian lands in the 16th century. Carrying a fire arm of this type was considered necessary for self-defence as Albanian inhabited lands were often under pressure from Ottoman, Montenegrin and Serb invasions and attacks. [[Edith Durham]] wrote of [[Gusinje]] during her journeys in the 1879 describing the territory as ''"The Land of Mausers"'' or ''"Lhassa of Europe"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In 1909, Edith described that some Albanians believed that the [[Mauser C96|Mausier]] revolver was harmless and asked her to shoot one of them in the hand.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> In Adrianople, the Turks protested against Albanians carrying arms saying ''"Albanians were more expert with the Mauser than with the plow"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> [[Shtjefen Gjecovi]] wrote that ''"an Albanian has no cooking oil for his beans but will find some for his rifle"''.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> As Ottoman pressure increased, Albanian Tosk and Ghegh chieftains began converting to Islam not out of religious preference but in order to keep their arms and lands.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> During the Greek war independence in Morea, the Albanian's biggest ambitions were to acquire a pair of pistol, a rifle, a yataghan and a dagger which they during the Napolenic war purchased from the French and British gun smiths.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás|Franz Nopcsa]] studied Albanian gun culture amongst the [[Ghegs|Gheghs]] in Northern Albania and noted that there was a correlation between the size of the gun and male honour referring to an example of an Albanian highlander who after hitting his target proceeded to kiss his rifle.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> After the fall of communism, gun factories were closed leading to unemployment.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> He also called the Albanian highlanders "Europe's armed children".<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Michal Mochtak writes that social cleaveges and authoritarianism after the fall of communism in Albania contributed to the intensifying of an Albanian gun culture.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==See also==
* [[Gun ownership]]
* [[History of the firearm]]
* [[Index of gun politics articles]]
* [[Overview of gun laws by nation]]
* [[Albanian muskets]]
* [[History of Albania]]
[[Category:Gun politics]]
[[Category:History of subcultures]]
[[Category:History of Albania]]
== References ==
https://ift.tt/2LGFt2m
